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A Phase 1/2 Study of Intravenous Gene Transfer With an AAV9 Vector Expressing Human Beta-galactosidase in Type I and Type II GM1 Gangliosidosis

Phase 1
Recruiting
Conditions
Lysosomal Diseases
Gangliosidosis
GM1
Interventions
Procedure: Abdominal ultrasound
Diagnostic Test: Audiology assessment with ABR
Diagnostic Test: Bone density scan (DEXA)
Diagnostic Test: Electrocardiogram (EKG)
Diagnostic Test: Echocardiogram
Other: Electroencephalogram (EEG) awake and extended overnight
Diagnostic Test: Laboratory tests
Procedure: Lumbar puncture
Procedure: Brain MRI/MRS/fMRI
Behavioral: Neurocognitive testing
Other: Neurology exam
Behavioral: PICC or other Central line placement
Procedure: Skeletal survey
Procedure: Skin biopsy
Procedure: Speech and modified barium swallow study
Procedure: Ophthalmology exam
Registration Number
NCT03952637
Lead Sponsor
National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
Brief Summary

Background:

GM1 gangliosidosis is a disorder that destroys nerve cells. It is fatal. There is no treatment. People with GM1 are deficient in a certain enzyme. A gene therapy may help the body make this enzyme. This could improve GM1 symptoms.

Objective:

To test if a gene therapy helps Type I and Type II GM1 gangliosidosis symptoms.

Eligibility:

Type I subjects will be male and female \>= 6 months \<= 12 months of age at the time of full ICF signing.

Type II subjects will be male and female \> 12 months old and \< 12 years old at the time of full ICF signing.

Design:

Participants will be screened with their medical history and a phone survey.

Participants will stay at NIH for 8-10 weeks.

Participants will have baseline tests:

Blood, urine, and heart tests

Hearing tests

Ultrasound of abdomen

EEG: Sticky patches on the participant s head will measure brain function.

Lumbar puncture: A needle will be stuck into the participant s spine to remove fluid.

MRI scans, bone x-rays, and bone scans: Participants will lie in a machine that takes pictures of the body

IQ tests

Neurology exams

Central line placement

Skin biopsy: A small piece of the participant s skin will be removed.

Speech tests

Participants will have an x-ray while swallowing food.

Participants will take drugs by mouth and IV. This will get their immune system ready for therapy.

Participants will get the gene therapy by IV. They may stay at NIH for a week to watch for side effects.

Participants will have visits 3 and 6 months after treatment. Then visits will be every 6 months for 2 years. Then they will have a visit at 3 years. Visits will take 4-5 days.

Participants will return to NIH once a year for 2 years for tests in an extension study....

Detailed Description

This is a non-randomized, Phase 1/2 clinical trial to study the safety and efficacy of a single dose gene transfer vector AAV9/GLB1 (AAV9-GLB1) by intravenous infusion to subjects with Type I and Type II GM1 gangliosidosis.

Type I subjects in this study will be male and female, \>= 6 months old and \<=12 months of age at the time of full ICF signing, with a diagnosis of Type I GM1 gangliosidosis. Type II subjects in this study will be male and female, \> 6 months old and \< 12 years old at the time of full ICF signing, with a diagnosis of Type II GM1 gangliosidosis. The subjects must have biallelic mutations in GLB1, a deficiency of Beta-galactosidase enzyme documented by testing in a CLIA-certified clinical laboratory, and serum AAV9 antibodies titers \<= 1:50). Other inclusion/exclusion criteria apply. In Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will recieve 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2). Dosing will be staggered to ensure subject safety.

Following the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing will be determined. Up to 12 Type II and 6 Type I subjects are planned to be treated in Stage 2 of the study. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.

The primary objective of Stage 1 of the study is to assess the safety of the AAV9-GLB1 vector following intravenous infusion. Stage 1 secondary and exploratory objectives include assessment of gene therapy on disease biomarkers, neurologic development and motor function, brain volume and myelination, and immune tolerance to the gene transfer vector.

Stage 2 of the study will assess the safety and efficacy of AAV9-GLB1 vector following intravenous infusion of the dose selected based on data from both Type I and II subjects.

Type I and Type II subjects have differing disease progression and symptomatology, justifying distinct endpoints and timepoint measures.

GM1 gangliosidosis is an autosomal recessive, neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder resulting from mutations in the GLB1 gene, encoding the enzyme Beta-galactosidase (Betagal). Betagal functions by removing terminal galactose moieties from GM1 ganglioside, a glycosphingolipid present in highest quantity in the CNS, primarily found in neurons. Betagal deficiency leads to accumulation of GM1 ganglioside and its asialo derivative (GA1) in the CNS. The age of onset and progression of GM1 gangliosidosis differs depending on the amount of residual Betagal activity, but the disease is generally divided into three clinical forms: Type I (infantile), Type IIa and IIb (late-infantile and juvenile), and Type III (adult or chronic). This clinical trial will treat GM1 Type I and Type II subjects.

The Type I form is the most severe, with age of onset less than 12 months of age and death often before age 3. Clinical findings of hypotonia and developmental delay/regression are found in almost all patients. In addition to symptoms resulting from severe CNS degeneration, evidenced by the presence of cherry-red maculae, infants often exhibit peripheral signs, including hepatosplenomegaly, skeletal dysplasia, cardiomyopathy, and coarse facial features.

The Type II form of GM1 generally has onset between 3 and 5 years with plateauing, then regression of developmental milestones (juvenile) or onset of symptoms after 12 months but before 24 months, plateauing of milestones then regression (late infantile).

Clinical features vary but in addition to CNS manifestations typically include a degree of skeletal involvement and mild hepatosplenomegaly. The primary symptoms are frequent falls, poor coordination, dysarthria and cognitive decline. Disease progression is variable, with subjects surviving well into the third decade (juvenile) or into the late teens (late infantile), but with severe cognitive and physical disabilities.

GM1 gangliosidosis is extremely rare, with an incidence estimated at 1:100,000 to 1:200,000. The disease is uniformly fatal with no effective therapy. Care is limited to symptomatic medical management. Intravenous administration of a gene transfer vector to deliver a normal copy of the GLB1 gene to the CNS could potentially provide an effective treatment for GM1 gangliosidosis.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
54
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SEQUENTIAL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
1AAV9-GLB1In Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Abdominal ultrasoundIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1RituximabIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Electroencephalogram (EEG) awake and extended overnightIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Laboratory testsIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Brain MRI/MRS/fMRIIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Lumbar punctureIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Neurocognitive testingIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Neurology examIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1PICC or other Central line placementIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Skeletal surveyIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Skin biopsyIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
2Speech and modified barium swallow studyFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Neurology examFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
1Speech and modified barium swallow studyIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Ophthalmology examIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
2AAV9-GLB1Following the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Abdominal ultrasoundFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2RituximabFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Laboratory testsFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2PICC or other Central line placementFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Ophthalmology examFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2SirolimusFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2MethylprednisoloneFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Audiology assessment with ABRFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Electrocardiogram (EKG)Following the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2PrednisoneFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Bone density scan (DEXA)Following the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Electroencephalogram (EEG) awake and extended overnightFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2EchocardiogramFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Lumbar punctureFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Brain MRI/MRS/fMRIFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Neurocognitive testingFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
1Audiology assessment with ABRIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1SirolimusIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1MethylprednisoloneIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1PrednisoneIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Bone density scan (DEXA)In Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1Electrocardiogram (EKG)In Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
1EchocardiogramIn Stage 1, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 1.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent, up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 4.5E13 vg/kg, and up to 6 Type II subjects will receive 7.5E13 vg/kg of the gene transfer agent. In Stage 1, up to 3 Type I subjects will receive 1.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 1) and up to 3 will then receive 4.5E13 of the gene transfer agent (Cohort 2).
2Skeletal surveyFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
2Skin biopsyFollowing the last Stage 1 subject s 6 months visit, data will be reviewed, and Stage 2 dosing and assessments will be determined. If Stage 2 dosing is to proceed, it will be reflected in a protocol amendment.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
SafetySeveral time points over 3 years

Assess the safety of the AAV9/GLB1 vector (AAV9-GLB1) following intravenous delivery.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Brain MRI/MRS/fMRIVaries between Type II and Type I subjects.

Type II subjects - Assess brain volume using a 3T MRI, and central nervous system (CNS) metabolite levels by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRI) between pre- and post-treatment and compared to historical controls

Developmental changesVaries between Type II and Type I subjects.

Type II subjects: Assess developmental change in the Growth Scale Scores on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales Third Edition (Vineland-3) instrument between pre- and post-treatment. Type I subjects - Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Third Edition (BSID-III) Composite score change from baseline

Diffusion tensor imagingComparing timepoints throughout the study. Varies between Type II and Type I subjects.

Change in differential tractography using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) pre- and post-treatment

Neurological functionSeveral timepoints over 3 years

Type I subjects - Neurological functional and developmental change from baseline

Overall survivalThroughout study

Type I subjects life span is under 5 years

CGI scaleSeveral timepoints over 3 years

Type II subjects - Assess change in disease severity using the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale.

Motor functionVaries between Type II and Type I subjects.

Type II subjects - Assess motor function using mobility scales developed as part of the natural history study

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

🇺🇸

Bethesda, Maryland, United States

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