Pre-emptive Epinephrine Nebulization Prior to Nasotracheal Intubation for Mandibular Fracture Fixation Surgeries: Dose it Really Differs? a Randomized Controlled Study

Phase 3

Conditions: asal Bleeding - mandibular fracture fixation surgeries.
Epistaxis
R04.0

Registration Number: IRCT20221226056933N1

Lead Sponsor: Ain Shams University

Brief Summary: Not available

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Complete

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 126

Inclusion Criteria

•Cases with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classes I and II.
•Patients scheduled for elective oral isolated mandibular fracture fixation requiring nasotracheal intubation.

Exclusion Criteria

•Nasal abnormality history (such as polyp , surgery or nasal trauma).
•Frequent epistaxis history.
•Patients suffering valvular heart disease, hypertension, ischemic heart disease or arrhythmias.
•Patients using drugs (anticoagulation therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and oral decongestant
•Patients receiving medications known to alter the parameters under investigation including ß-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or vasodilators.
•Patients known to have hypersensitivity to medications used in this study.

Study & Design

Study Type: interventional

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Estimate the degree of epistaxis during nasal intubation. Timepoint: after the intervention. Method of measurement: Epistaxis degrees during intubation is classified to 4 degrees 1-No bleeding means No interference with the laryngoscopic view,2- minimal bleeding means Just blood-tinged ETT but no blood on the vocal cords or mouth floor, 3-moderate bleading means Blood on the vocal cords and mouth floor which Interferes with the laryngoscopic view, but is easy to confirm the laryngeal structure,4-severe bleeding means Blood on the vocal cords and mouth floor Hard to visualize the laryngeal structure without suction because of bleeding.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
1. intraoperative analgesia. Timepoint: whole intraoperative time. Method of measurement: intraoperative analgesia is indicated by intraoperative hemodynamics and total intraoperative fentanyl consumption.;2.intraoperative blood loss from surgical field. Timepoint: intraoperative time. Method of measurement: intraoperative volume of blood loss was estimated.