EVALUATION OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE LEVELS IN SALIVA AND SERUM OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS: A CLINICO-BIOCHEMICAL STUDY

Of the various illnesses that affect teeth, periodontitis is a common disease results in the destruction of supporting structures of the teeth, ultimately which cause tooth loss. Although periodontitis is an infectious disease of gingival tissue origin, changes that occur

in the bone are crucial as the alveolar bone destruction is responsible for tooth loss. The most common cause of alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis is the extension of inflammation from the marginal gingiva to the underlying periodontal tissues.

Salivary constituents for diagnosing periodontal disease include enzymes and immunoglobulins, hormones of host origin, bacteria and bacterial products, ions, and volatile compounds.

Alkaline Phosphatase is a hydrolase enzyme responsible for removing phosphate groups from many types of molecules and is a marker of bone metabolism. It is a membrane‑bound glycoprotein produced by a various number of cells, such as polymorphonuclear

leukocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts, within the area of the periodontium and gingival crevice. Various studies have assessed the levels of salivary ALP with respect to gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, and correlation of the same with clinical parameters. However, there was lagging evidence regarding the comparative effects of ALP in serum and saliva following periodontal treatment.

The purpose of this study is to compare the serum and salivary alkaline phosphatase levels before and after phase 1 periodontal therapy which serve to hold to the hypothesis that saliva can be used as an alternative to serum for evaluating alkaline phosphatase as a biomarker in periodontal disease progression. It will be one of the first study which focuses on the comparison between salivary and serum alkaline phosphatase levels before and after phase 1 periodontal therapy in healthy and chronic periodontitis patients.