PAUSE-Cardio: Mitigating Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Women's Sport Student- Athletes Through a Moderate-Intensity Exercise Intervention

Purpose: The goal of this pilot study is to examine the relationship between mental health concerns (e.g., anxiety, depression, and stress) and PAUSE-Cardio, a 4-week moderate-intensity cardiovascular exercise intervention program for women's sport student-athletes transitioning into college and collegiate sport.

The investigators hypothesize that at least 70% of participants will be retained for the length of the intervention, including completion of the Qualtrics survey at T1 and T2. Additionally, the investigators hypothesize that symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress will be significantly decreased post-intervention compared to pre-intervention following moderate-intensity exercise program completion.

Participants: Participants will consist of twenty-two women's sport student-athletes (N=22) ages 18 and older in the participants' first two years of undergraduate study. Participants must be actively practicing an intramural sport, club sport, varsity collegiate sport, or recreational sport.

Procedures: The study design will be a mixed-methods pilot study employing moderate-intensity cardiovascular exercise. Results will be assessed with a longitudinal self-report survey of valid and reliable psychometric measures and free response items. All measurements and questions will be compiled into one Qualtrics-based survey that will be administered two times (pre-program [T1] and post-program [T2]). Study-specific moderate-intensity exercise will be administered once weekly for four weeks in a group fitness setting for 45 minutes. The 45-minute class will consist of a 5-minute warm-up, a 35-minute conditioning segment, and a 5-minute cooldown. This multipart study is gathering data through a mixed-methods longitudinal design in conjunction with a prospective cohort design. Data collection is utilizing Qualtrics, an online survey platform, and administering PAUSE-Cardio, a 4-week moderate-intensity cardiovascular exercise intervention program. Individuals who are at least 18 years of age and self-identify as women's sport student-athletes within the participants' first two years of study in collegiate settings are invited to participate via social media, emails, flyers, and word of mouth. A self-report survey of valid and reliable psychometric quantitative measures and qualitative free-response items is being administered 4 weeks apart, pre-program (T1) and post-program (T2) to participants. The feasibility of the intervention program is being determined by examining recruitment and retention rates. To assess the preliminary efficacy of the intervention, within- and between-group comparisons are being conducted using aggregated data, including waitlist control data. In addition to the primary aims, an exploratory analysis is being conducted to investigate potential associations between exercise, athletic, and academic identities, and mental health issues.