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Clozapine and Olanzapine Treatment of Aggression

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Schizophrenia
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT01123408
Lead Sponsor
Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
Brief Summary

This was a double-blind randomized study with three treatment arms: clozapine, olanzapine and haloperidol. We compared these three medications in the treatment of aggressive behavior over a 12 week period.

Detailed Description

Objective: The purpose of our study was the investigation of the effect of atypical antipsychotic agents on interpersonal violence and aggression.

We compared the efficacy of two atypical antipsychotic agents, clozapine and olanzapine with one another and with haloperidol in the treatment of physical assaults and other assaultive behaviors in physically assaultive patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.

Method: The subjects were 110 physically assaultive inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

They were randomly assigned to treatment with clozapine (N=37), olanzapine (N=37) or haloperidol (N=36) in a 12-week, double-blind trial. Incidents of overt aggression were recorded and their severity was scored with the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS). Psychiatric symptoms were assessed through the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). We also assessed various side effects and monitored vital signs and drew bloods.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
110
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age: 18 to 60 years.
  • Diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.
  • Aggression: One episode of physical assault directed at another person in the hospital and persistence of violence/hostility for two weeks, as evidenced by the presence of some other physical, verbal or property assault or hostility, which would result in a score of 4 or more on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Hostility Item.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients who were hospitalized for more than a year
  • Patients who had a history of nonresponse to clozapine, olanzapine or haloperidol (defined as a lack of improvement despite a contiguous adequate trial of medication)
  • Patients who had a history of clozapine, olanzapine, or haloperidol intolerance
  • Patients who had medical conditions that would be adversely affected by any of these three medications.
  • Patients who received a depot antipsychotic within 30 days before randomization.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
OlanzapineOlanzapineDuring the first 6 weeks olanzapine was increased to 20 mg and remained fixed for until the end of six week. During the last 6 weeks olanzapine could vary from 10 to 30 mg/day
clozapineClozapineDuring the first 6 weeks clozapine was gradually increased to 500 mg/day and then continued. For the next period, it could vary from 200-800 mg/day;
HaloperidolHaloperidolDuring the first 6 weeks haloperidol was increased to 20 mg and remained fixed for until the end of six week. During the last 6 weeks the dose could vary from 10 to 30 mg/day
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of aggressive incidents12 weeks

The Modified Overt Aggression scale (MOAS) was used to record all aggressive incidents. The primary measure was the total score on the MOAS as well as the score on the MOAS physical aggression subscale

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Psychiatric Symptoms12 weeks

Psychiatric symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) weekly for the first 4 weeks and then bi-weekly for the remainder of the study

Side effects of medications12 weeks

The side effects of the medications were measured with the ESRS on a weekly basis for the duration of the study

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Nathan Kline Institute

🇺🇸

Orangeburg, New York, United States

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