Mifepristone and Misoprostol Versus Misoprostol Alone in the Medical Management of Missed Miscarriage
- Conditions
- Missed Miscarriage
- Interventions
- Drug: Placebo Oral TabletDrug: Mifepristone, Oral, 200 Mg
- Registration Number
- NCT03065660
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Birmingham
- Brief Summary
Miscarriage is the most common complication of pregnancy. As many as 15-25% of pregnancies end in miscarriage, and the number of miscarriages in England is estimated to be approximately 125,000 per year. Miscarriage often brings not only physical pain, bleeding and risks of infection, but also psychological impacts on women and their families. This study will focus on women whose pregnancy sac remains inside the womb (known as a missed miscarriage) and opt for medical management of their miscarriage up to 13+6 weeks of pregnancy. NICE currently recommends that a drug called misoprostol (a vaginal pessary or oral tablet that makes the womb contract) should be used in the medical treatment of miscarriage. However, there is evidence to suggest that combining this drug with mifepristone (an oral tablet that reduces pregnancy hormones) may be more effective in treating miscarriage. Therefore, to test this in a clinical trial, participants will be allocated at random to receive either mifepristone followed by misoprostol, or a dummy drug (placebo) followed by misoprostol. Neither the participants nor the researchers will know what allocation is decided, which is necessary to test the treatments fairly. The main outcome of interest will be whether miscarriage is complete within 7 days of randomisation. If miscarriage is not complete then further treatment (more tablets or surgery) will be offered. A number of other key outcomes, such as the need for an operation, will also be assessed. We will also study the views and experience of the participants regarding the tablet treatment.
We anticipate that 710 women will be required to take part in the study to answer this question with confidence. We estimate that we would be able to recruit this many women in two years.
- Detailed Description
Aim: To investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of MifeMiso combination (mifepristone and misoprostol) versus misoprostol alone in the management of missed miscarriage.
Primary clinical objective: To test the hypothesis that treatment with mifepristone plus misoprostol is superior to misoprostol alone for the resolution of miscarriage within 7 days in women diagnosed with missed miscarriage by pelvic ultrasound scan in the first 13+6 weeks of pregnancy.
Key secondary objective:To test the hypothesis that the addition of mifepristone reduces the need for surgical intervention to resolve the miscarriage.
Other secondary objectives:
1. To evaluate if the addition of mifepristone reduces the need for further doses of misoprostol.
2. To evaluate if the addition of mifepristone improves other clinical outcomes including surgical intervention up to and including 7 days post-randomisation and after 7 days post-randomisation, duration of bleeding, infection, negative pregnancy test at 21 days post-randomisation, time from randomisation to discharge from EPU care, side effects and complications.
3. To evaluate if the addition of mifepristone improves patient satisfaction
4. To assess the cost-effectiveness of the combination of mifepristone and misoprostol in the medical management of missed miscarriage.
Economic objectives: To assess the cost-effectiveness of the combination of mifepristone and misoprostol in the medical management of missed miscarriage based on an outcome of additional cost per additional successfully managed miscarriage and additional cost per additional quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). Using a model-based economic evaluation we will further explore the cost-effectiveness of the medical management of missed miscarriage, as explored in the proposed trial, with alternative management strategies, such as surgical and expectant, based on available secondary sources.
Mixed-method evaluation objectives: To explore the satisfaction of patients who complete the trial protocol. The results of the satisfaction survey (CSQ-8) will act as a sampling frame to conduct semi-structured interviews to further investigate patient experiences and satisfaction with medical management of missed miscarriage.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- Female
- Target Recruitment
- 711
- Women diagnosed with missed miscarriage by pelvic ultrasound scan in the first 13+6 weeks of pregnancy that choose to have medical management of miscarriage.
- Age 16 years and over
- Willing and able to give informed consent.
- Women opting for alternative methods of miscarriage management (expectant or surgical)
- Diagnosis of incomplete miscarriage.
- Life threatening bleeding.
- Contraindications to mifepristone or misoprostol use for example chronic adrenal failure, known hypersensitivity to either drug, haemorrhagic disorders and anticoagulant therapy, prosthetic heart valve or history of endocarditis, existing cardiovascular disease, severe asthma uncontrolled by therapy or inherited porphyria.
- Participation in any other blinded, placebo-controlled trials of investigational medicinal products in pregnancy.
- Previous participation in the MifeMiso trial
- Woman not able to attend for day 6-7 ultrasound scan
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Placebo Placebo Oral Tablet Oral placebo tablet followed by a single dose of vaginal, oral or sublingual misoprostol 800mcg 2 days later. Mifepristone Mifepristone, Oral, 200 Mg A single dose of oral mifepristone 200mg, followed by a single dose of vaginal, oral or sublingual misoprostol 800mcg 2 days later
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Failure to spontaneously pass the gestational sac within 7 days after randomisation Within 7 days after randomisation To test the hypothesis that treatment with mifepristone plus misoprostol is superior to misoprostol alone for the resolution of miscarriage within 7 days in women diagnosed with missed miscarriage by pelvic ultrasound scan in the first 13+6 weeks of pregnancy.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Surgical intervention to resolve the miscarriage after day 7 post-randomisation to discharge from EPU care From day 8 post-randomisation until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Surgical intervention to resolve the miscarriage
Duration of bleeding reported by woman (days). (collected up to discharge from EPU care) From randomisation until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Duration of bleeding reported by woman (days). (collected up to discharge from EPU care)
Surgical intervention to resolve the miscarriage (collected up to discharge from EPU care) From randomisation until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Surgical intervention to resolve the miscarriage
Surgical intervention to resolve the miscarriage up to and including day 7 post-randomisation From randomisation until day 7 post-randomisation Surgical intervention to resolve the miscarriage
Need for further doses of misoprostol up to day 7 post-randomisation After initial 800mcg dose of misoprostol at day 2 until day 7 post-randomisation Need for further doses of misoprostol up to day 7 post-randomisation
Need for further doses of misoprostol up to discharge from EPU care After initial 800mcg dose of misoprostol at day 2 until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Need for further doses of misoprostol up to discharge from EPU care
Overall patient satisfaction score (measured using the CSQ-8 questionnaire and collected upon discharge from EPU care). Within 6 weeks of discharge from EPU care Overall patient satisfaction score (measured using the CSQ-8 questionnaire and collected upon discharge from EPU care).
Patient quality of life (Index value and overall health status measured using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire Completion on date of randomisation, day 6-7 post-randomisation or day of follow-up USS if different to day 6-7 and day 21 +/- 2 days post-randomisation. Completion of all patient quality of life assessments up to approximately 8 weeks post-randomisation Patient quality of life (Index value and overall health status measured using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and collected on date of randomisation, day 6-7 post-randomisation or day of follow-up USS if different to day 6-7 and day 21 +/- 2 days post-randomisation. If a woman obtains an initial positive pregnancy test result at day 21 +/- 2 days post-randomisation then a further EQ-5D-5L questionnaire is collected upon discharge from EPU care).
Diagnosis of infection associated with miscarriage requiring outpatient antibiotic treatment (collected up to discharge from EPU care) From randomisation until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Diagnosis of infection associated with miscarriage requiring outpatient antibiotic treatment (collected up to discharge from EPU care)
Negative pregnancy test result 21 days (± 2 days) after randomisation. 21 days (± 2 days) after randomisation. Negative pregnancy test result 21 days (± 2 days) after randomisation.
Death (collected up to discharge from EPU care) From randomisation until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Death (collected up to discharge from EPU care)
Diagnosis of infection associated with miscarriage requiring inpatient antibiotic treatment (collected up to discharge from EPU care) From randomisation until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Diagnosis of infection associated with miscarriage requiring inpatient antibiotic treatment (collected up to discharge from EPU care)
Time from randomisation to discharge from EPU care (described using summary statistics only) Time from randomisation to discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Time from randomisation to discharge from EPU care.
Blood transfusion required (collected up to discharge from EPU care) From randomisation until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Blood transfusion required (collected up to discharge from EPU care)
Any serious complications (collected up to discharge from EPU care) From randomisation until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Any serious complications (collected up to discharge from EPU care)
Side effects (collected up to discharge from EPU care) From randomisation until discharge from EPU care; assessed up to approximately 8 weeks Side effects (collected up to discharge from EPU care)
Trial Locations
- Locations (28)
Sunderland Royal Hospital
🇬🇧Sunderland, United Kingdom
Princess Royal Hospital
🇬🇧Telford, United Kingdom
Birmingham Heartlands Hospital
🇬🇧Birmingham, United Kingdom
Birmingham Women's Hospital
🇬🇧Birmingham, United Kingdom
Southmead Hospital
🇬🇧Bristol, United Kingdom
St Michael's Hospital
🇬🇧Bristol, United Kingdom
Burnley General Hospital
🇬🇧Burnley, United Kingdom
Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
🇬🇧Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Epsom Hospital
🇬🇧Epsom, United Kingdom
University Hospital Coventry
🇬🇧Coventry, United Kingdom
Glasgow Royal Infirmary
🇬🇧Glasgow, United Kingdom
St Helier Hospital
🇬🇧Epsom, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth University Hospital
🇬🇧Glasgow, United Kingdom
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom
Liverpool Women's Hospital
🇬🇧Liverpool, United Kingdom
Kings College Hospital
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom
Newham University Hospital
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom
Royal London Hospital
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom
University College Hospital London
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom
Queen's Medical Centre
🇬🇧Nottingham, United Kingdom
Whipps Cross University Hospital
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom
West Middlesex Hospital
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom
Royal Victoria Infirmary
🇬🇧Newcastle, United Kingdom
Queen Alexandra Hospital
🇬🇧Portsmouth, United Kingdom
Princess of Wales Hospital
🇬🇧Swansea, United Kingdom
Princess Anne Hospital
🇬🇧Southampton, United Kingdom
Singleton Hospital
🇬🇧Swansea, United Kingdom
St Thomas' Hospital
🇬🇧London, United Kingdom