Prevalence of non alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Diagnosed by Ultrasound Abdomen and its Association with Insulin Resistance Measured by HOMA-IR.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as a major public health problem, closely linked with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Early identification of patients at risk is essential to prevent progression to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. This cross-sectional study evaluates the prevalence of NAFLD diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography and examines its association with insulin resistance measured using the HOMA  IR index. Adults aged 18 to 65 years with ultrasound-confirmed fatty liver (Grades I to III) and available fasting glucose and insulin values are enrolled. Anthropometry and relevant clinical data are recorded. Correlation between HOMA IR and ultrasound grading is analyzed using Spearmans correlation, with additional comparisons across grades. Secondary analyses explore relationships with BMI and waist circumference. The study aims to determine whether higher HOMA IR values predict more severe fatty liver, thereby supporting HOMA IR as a simple, affordable surrogate marker to complement imaging and guide early intervention in resource limited settings.