Strategic Antiretroviral Therapy and HIV Testing for Youth in Rural Africa

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: HIV
• Interventions: Other: SEARCH Youth combination intervention

• Registration Number: NCT03848728
• Lead Sponsor: University of California, San Francisco

Brief Summary

The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of a combination intervention on long-term HIV viral load (VL) suppression among HIV-infected adolescents and young adults 15-24 years of age. The study will take place in 28 rural HIV clinics in western Kenya and southwest Uganda. Clinics will be randomly chosen to either continue to provide study participants standard care or to provide the study intervention, which consists of discussion and counseling on major issues or life events, flexible access to the clinic, and rapid turnaround of VL test results. Participants will take part in the study for at least 2 years.

Detailed Description

The randomized controlled trial (RCT) will evaluate the effect of the SEARCH Youth intervention on long-term HIV viral load suppression among HIV-infected adolescents/young adults. The study's intervention is based on the PRECEDE model of behavioral change that is targeted towards adolescent and young adult behavior. The study design is a cluster-randomized trial where the unit of randomization is the HIV clinic: 14 clinics randomized to the intervention and 14 to the optimized country standard of care (Differentiated ART care, standard clinic hours, routine VL monitoring, access to 2nd and 3rd line ART), balanced within country. The target enrollment for the intervention is approximately 2300 (50-100 adolescents/young adults with HIV in each clinic, plus family members, providers and others taking part in qualitative interviews).

Community-tailored youth testing and linkage strategies for ART will be implemented to recruit youth for the SEARCH Youth combination intervention RCT. Strategies to reach youth at the highest risk of HIV infection will be implemented. Those individuals who test HIV-positive will be referred to the local clinic for HIV treatment services and, if they otherwise meet entry criteria, to the SEARCH Youth study for possible inclusion.

The components of the SEARCH Youth intervention include:

* Administration of life-stage assessment tool at the beginning of each visit that links to life-stage specific actions and puts subsequent medical discussions into an appropriate context

* Structured choice clinic access which will provide a choice to schedule visits during or after routine clinic hours or in an alternate location, with some phone-only visits available between in-person visits

* Rapid feedback of VL results, by phone or in person, aiming to be provided within 72 hours, to provide immediate feedback on HIV suppression and engage participants in their overall health

* Provider e-collaboratives that comprises of chat groups using WhatsApp or similar secure messaging applications to solicit input about challenging cases using de-identified information

Participants will take part in the study for at least 2 years.

Some participants, family members, providers, HIV-negative youth and key informants will also take part in qualitative interview guides. Costs of the SEARCH Youth intervention will be evaluated to assess its efficiency and cost-effectiveness including as cost per participant, cost per additional participant with viral suppression and cost per DALY gained.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2019-02-19
• Study First Submitted QC: 2019-02-19
• Study First Posted: 2019-02-21
• Study Start: 2019-03-14
• Primary Completion: 2023-06-23
• Study Completion: 2023-06-23
• Results First Submitted: 2024-06-21
• Status Verified: 2024-09
• Results First Submitted QC: 2024-09-30
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-09-30
• Results First Posted: 2024-10-23
• Last Update Posted: 2024-10-23

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 1988

Inclusion Criteria

• HIV infection diagnosed according to country testing guidelines
• Age 15-24 years
• Enrolled in care in a study clinic
• Ability and willingness to provide informed consent

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Exclusion Criteria

• None

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Intervention Clinics	SEARCH Youth combination intervention	SEARCH Youth combination intervention, which includes life-stage assessment and counseling, rapid VL feedback, structured choice clinic access, and e-collaboratives chat-based discussion among providers

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Effectiveness of SEARCH Youth Intervention	2 years	Percentage of study participants with virologic suppression (HIV RNA \<400 c/mL) at 2 years of follow-up. Mean was calculated as the average percentage across the clusters (clinics)

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Western Kenya; 🇰🇪 Sindo, Kenya

Southwestern Uganda; 🇺🇬 Mbarara, Uganda