The Effect of Artificial Intelligence Chatbot and Expert Education on Breast Cancer Awareness Among Female Municipal Employees: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Enrollment
- 150
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Breast Cancer Awareness Scale Total Score
Study Overview
Brief Summary
This study compared two educational approaches for increasing breast cancer awareness among female employees of Eskisehir Odunpazari Municipality. Participants were randomly assigned to receive education using artificial intelligence-generated educational material, education using expert-developed educational material, or no educational intervention. Breast cancer awareness was assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention. The study also assessed participants' digital health literacy.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Prevention
- Masking
- Single (Participant)
Masking Description
Participants were informed about the general purpose of the study but were not informed of their assigned study group or the interventions provided to the other groups.
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- Female
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Female employees actively working within Eskişehir Odunpazarı Municipality
- •Aged 18 years or older
- •Having a smartphone to access the digital educational material
- •Agreeing to participate in the study
Exclusion Criteria
- •Previous diagnosis of or treatment for breast cancer
- •Not having a smartphone
- •Being a healthcare professional
- •Not completing the study process
Arms & Interventions
Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Intervention Group
A structured, question-and-answer educational material was generated using an artificial intelligence chatbot. The chatbot was instructed to produce clear, plain-language content appropriate for the health literacy level of female municipal employees aged 18 years or older and to avoid medical terminology. The material covered the definition of breast cancer; risk factors; signs and symptoms; preventive attitudes; barriers to breast cancer screening; breast cancer awareness-related health behaviors; the timing and performance of breast self-examination; findings requiring attention; and breast cancer treatment methods. The content was transferred to Google Forms and presented in a conversational question-and-answer format. Participants accessed the predefined material through a link or QR code and did not interact with a live chatbot or receive real-time, personalized responses.
Intervention: Artificial Intelligence Chatbot-Generated Educational Material (Behavioral)
Expert Intervention Group
Participants received breast cancer awareness education using educational material developed by experts in the relevant field. The educational content covered breast cancer risk factors, signs and symptoms, preventive attitudes, barriers to screening, awareness-related health behaviors, breast self-examination, and treatment methods.
Intervention: Expert-Developed Educational Material (Behavioral)
Control Group
Participants received no breast cancer awareness education during the study period. They completed the same assessments as the intervention groups at baseline, immediately after the intervention period, and 2 months after the intervention. After completion of the final assessment, participants were provided with breast cancer awareness education.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Breast Cancer Awareness Scale Total Score
Time Frame: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention.
Overall breast cancer awareness was assessed using the Breast Cancer Awareness Scale, which consists of five subscales. Total scores range from 0 to 102, with higher scores indicating greater overall breast cancer awareness.
Secondary Outcomes
- Factor 1:Knowledge of Risk Factors Score(Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention)
- Factor 2: Knowledge of Signs and Symptoms Score(Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention)
- Factor 3. Attitudes Toward Breast Cancer Prevention Score(Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention)
- Factor 4. Barriers to Breast Cancer Screening Score(Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention)
- Factor 5. Health Behaviors Related to Breast Cancer Awareness Score(Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 months after the intervention)
- Digital Health Literacy Instrument Total Score(Baseline)
- DHLI Search Score(Baseline)
- DHLI Content Score(Baseline)
- DHLI Relevance Score(Baseline)
- DHLI Navigation Score(Baseline)
- DHLI Privacy Score(Baseline)
- DHLI Reliability Score(Baseline)
Investigators
EZGİ SALIŞ
Doctor of Medicine - Research Assistant
Eskisehir Osmangazi University