Impact of Beetroot Supplementation in Athletes
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Interventions
- Dietary Supplement: Beetroot juice supplementation or placebo
- Registration Number
- NCT06043089
- Lead Sponsor
- University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
- Brief Summary
Several previous studies observed a positive effect of beetroot supplementation on sports performance in athletes, mainly in endurance performance. However, less attention has been paid to its effects on short-duration performance, especially in youth athletes. Moreover, only a few previous investigations performed biochemical analyses, including pro-oxidant balance assessments. It is especially important because chronic nitrate intake might directly cause the production of reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species in other subcellular compartments, leading to more oxidative stress. Additionally, no previous study verified the impact of beetroot intake on sleep.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- Male
- Target Recruitment
- 20
- male
- good general health assessed by physician
- highly trained
- written consent to participate
- medication or dietary supplements used within the previous month, which could potentially impact the study outcomes
- history of sleep nor neurological disorders
- chronic use (6 months) of any antibacterial mouthwash products.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Beetroot group Beetroot juice supplementation or placebo Athletes received 7 days of beetroot juice (2 × 70 mL of beetroot juice ∼12.9 mmol NO3-; Beet It, James White Drinks, Ipswich, UK). Placebo group Beetroot juice supplementation or placebo Athletes received 7 days of placebo (2 × 70 mL of water with beetroot powder with negligible nitrate content).
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Objective Sleep - Light sleep nights 1 - 7 during treatment Total amount of time in light sleep assessed by sleep radar
Objective Sleep - Deep sleep nights 1 - 7 during treatment Total amount of time in deep sleep assessed by sleep radar
Objective Sleep - REM sleep nights 1 - 7 during treatment Total amount of time in REM sleep assessed by sleep radar
Performance test 7 days after treatment yo-yo intermittent recovery test level 1
Changes in nitrites 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood plasma will be obtained to measure nitrite concentration
Changes in nitrates 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood plasma will be obtained to measure nitrate concentration
Changes in antioxidant status 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood plasma will be obtained to measure total antioxidant capacity
Changes in prooxidant status 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood plasma will be obtained to measure total oxidative status
Changes in oxidative stress index 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test The oxidative stress index will be calculated as the ratio of plasma prooxidant to antioxidant status
Changes in protein oxidation 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood plasma will be obtained to measure advanced protein oxidation products concentration
Changes in exercise-induced metabolic acidosis 1) Before the performance test 2) 3 minutes after the performance test 3) 10 minutes after the performance test 4) 20 minutes after the performance test Arterialized blood will be obtained to measure lactate concentration
Objective Sleep - Total sleep time nights 1 - 7 during treatment Total sleep time obtained from sleep onset to time at wake-up assessed by sleep radar
Changes in nitrooxidative stress markers 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood plasma will be obtained to measure 3-nitrotyrosine concentration
Changes in nucleic acid oxidation 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood plasma will be obtained to measure ox-8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentration
Changes in lipids oxidation 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood plasma will be obtained to measure thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration
Objective Sleep - Time in bed nights 1 - 7 during treatment Total time spent in bed during the night assessed by sleep radar
Objective Sleep - Sleep-onset latency nights 1 - 7 during treatment The time it takes from when the athlete intends to go to sleep and actually starts to sleep assessed by sleep radar
Objective Sleep - Sleep efficiency nights 1 - 7 during treatment The percentage of total sleep time to lights off and leaving bed assessed by sleep radar
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Maximal isometric handgrip strength 7 days after treatment Countermovement jump height 7 days after treatment Changes in muscle enzymes activity 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood serum will be obtained to measure creatine kinase activity
Changes in blood count 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Whole blood will be obtained to measure leukocyte count
Changes in catabolic hormones 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood serum will be obtained to measure cortisol concentration
Changes in the purine metabolism marker 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood serum will be obtained to measure uric acid concentration
Changes in muscle damage markers 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood serum will be obtained to measure myoglobin concentration
Changes in inflammation markers 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood serum will be obtained to measure C-reactive protein concentration
Changes in anabolic hormones 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood serum will be obtained to measure testosterone concentration
Changes in plasma volume 1) Before the performance test 2) 3 minutes after the performance test 3) 10 minutes after the performance test 4) 20 minutes after the performance test The change in plasma volume will be calculated using the hemoglobin and hematocrit results
Changes in kidney function markers 1) baseline - 2) 7th day of treatment - before the supplementation, 3) 7th day of treatment - before the performance test, 4) 7th day of treatment - immediately after the performance test Blood serum will be obtained to measure creatinine concentration
Changes in hemoglobin concentration 1) Before the performance test 2) 3 minutes after the performance test 3) 10 minutes after the performance test 4) 20 minutes after the performance test Arterialized blood will be obtained to measure hemoglobin concentration
Changes in hematocrit 1) Before the performance test 2) 3 minutes after the performance test 3) 10 minutes after the performance test 4) 20 minutes after the performance test Arterialized blood will be obtained to measure hematocrit
Agility T-test 7 days after treatment Flanker task 7 days after treatment Ball speed velocity 7 days after treatment Sprint test (0-20m) 7 days after treatment
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
University School of Physical Education in Cracow
🇵🇱Kraków, Poland