Extent of analgesic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in patients after caesarean sectio

Not Applicable

Recruiting

Conditions: R52.0
Acute pain

Registration Number: DRKS00013123

Lead Sponsor: niversitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) ?Zentrum für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin? Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie ?Bereich Schmerzmedizin und Schmerzpsychologie?

Brief Summary: Not available

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Recruiting

Sex: Female

Target Recruitment: 162

Inclusion Criteria

All patients older than 18 years of age and undergoing elective caesarean section are considered study participants.

Exclusion Criteria

Excluded are patients under the age of 18 years. At the time of intervention the patients are no longer pregnant. Patients who need emergency surgery and / or intensive care monitoring are also excluded. If complications occur intraoperatively (e.g., delivery of a sick newborn, hemorrhagic shock, etc.) and / or during hospitalization (e.g., embolism with ICU stay), the patients are also excluded from the study. Patients who can not explain or explain their consent (for example, incompliance or dementia) or who indicate in the preoperative examination to suffer from a psychiatric illnesses and / or chronic pain are also excluded from the study.

Study & Design

Study Type: interventional

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
The primary endpoint of this study is the experienced postoperative pain intensity (related to the caesarean section surgical wound), which is measured using an 11-point numerical rating scale (0-10: 0 = none, 10 = most severe pain imaginable).<br>The presence of any other pain is assessed preoperatively (during premedication). Postoperatively, the patients receive a pain diary. Pain intensity is assessed every 2 hours. The pain diary data are collected until discharge (about 3-4 days after surgery). 3 and 6 months after discharge, a single pain intensity value is requested by questionnaire.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Psychological variables are also to be assessed as secondary endpoints: subjective mood (general depression scale), catastrophizing (questionnaire for pain treatment in pain situations), functional capacity (pain and mood inventory including postoperative functional capacity). These data are collected preoperatively (premedication interview) and postoperatively (surgery day, day 1 after surgery and discharge day, and 3 and 6 months after discharge). Also, preoperative (premedication interview) and postoperative (daily) expectation regarding pain treatment (TENS and / or medication) is assessed.<br>In addition, the daily consumption of analgesics, as well as nausea and vomiting is recorded postoperatively (rating sheet and station file).<br>