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Fresh Autologous Whole Blood Transfusion After Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Bleeding Postoperative
Cardiac Disease
Interventions
Other: Standard of Care Expectant management of bleeding
Other: Fresh Autologous whole Blood
Registration Number
NCT03204357
Lead Sponsor
University of Colorado, Denver
Brief Summary

Autologous blood transfused at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass will reduce total blood loss 24 hours after surgery and improve mitochondrial oxygen delivery measured by plasma succinate levels.

The study design is a prospective randomized interventional trial of transfusion of fresh autologous whole blood versus standard of care expectant management of bleeding during elective cardiac surgery.

Detailed Description

Cardiac surgery carries a significant risk of bleeding requiring transfusion of stored blood products and blood transfusion associated with cardiac surgery consumes 20% of the blood supply worldwide. Although transfusion may be life-saving, significant risks of complications such as lung injury or even an increase in mortality are associated with transfusion. Decreasing transfusion requirements during cardiac surgery has the potential to reduce the rate of complications, improve patient outcomes, and reduce cost resulting in increased value for both the patient and the health system as a whole. Collection of autologous blood before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for transfusion after CPB has been shown to be both safe and effective for reducing blood loss during cardiac surgery, but this intervention has not been targeted to a patient population at high risk for bleeding and transfusion. Fresh whole blood has the capacity to restore coagulation system function during profound coagulopathy in a trauma setting or following massive transfusion by an unknown mechanism. One unit of fresh whole blood is able to restore clotting function equivalent to that achieved by 10 units of pooled platelets. Autologous whole blood collection prior to CPB for transfusion post-operatively has been shown to improve coagulation and decrease clot lysis but is not routinely performed because 90% to 95% of patients do not have extensive blood loss and subsequent coagulopathy. Coupling accurate pre-operative bleeding risk prediction with autologous fresh whole blood collection for transfusion after CPB would target an established, low cost, low risk intervention to an at risk patient population who may experience significant benefit.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
70
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Adult subjects aged 18 to 90
  2. Able to provide informed consent
  3. Willing to accept autologous or allogenic blood transfusion
  4. Scheduled for elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Pre-operative administration of allogenic blood bank products in the previous 3 months
  2. Hemodynamically unstable defined as a systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg with a heart rate greater 100 or requiring intravenous vasopressor medications
  3. Significant active infection or sepsis defined by positive blood culture or positive wound culture
  4. Hemoglobin less than 7 g/dl

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Standard of Care Expectant Management of bleedingStandard of Care Expectant management of bleedingthe control group that will receive the standard of care expectant management of bleeding and transfusion of allogenic banked blood products
Fresh Autologous whole blood transfusionFresh Autologous whole BloodThe experimental group will have 15% of the estimated blood volume of autologous blood collected. This transfusion will be given at the end of the procedure.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Estimated Blood LossWithin 24 hours after surgery

Blood loss is estimated as a percent of total estimated blood volume in the first 24 hours after cardiac surgery.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Development of Myocardial Infarction31 days

As measured by physiological parameters

Number of allogenic transfusions given31 days

Allogenic blood product transfusion requirements

Development of Lung injury31 days

Measured by a Pa02/Fi02 ratio

ICU length of stay31 days

This will be measured by the number of days in ICU

Development of Post-operative delirium31 days

Measured by Confusion Assessment Method - Intensive Care Unit

Development of Acute Kidney Injury31 days

As measured by abnormal lab values

Incident of peri-operative stroke31 days

The incident of peri-operative stroke will be measured by the National institute of health stroke scale

Detection of New Onset Atrial fibrillation31 days

As measured by an electrocardiogram

Evaluation of Vasopressor requirements (2)31 days

Measurement of the types of vasopressors given

Severity of peri-operative stroke31 days

The severity of peri-operative stroke will be measured by the National institute of health stroke scale

Initiation of renal replacement therapy31 days

Time to start of renal replacement therapy

Development of Heart failure31 days

As measured by physiological parameters

Time to extubation31 days

Time from when the breathing tube was placed to the time when the breathing tube is removed

Evaluation of Vasopressor requirements (1)31 days

Measurement of the amount of vasopressors given

Change in endothelial function measured by flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery24 hours after surgery

Measurement of brachial artery dilation in response to flow by ultrasonography

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Colorado Hospital

🇺🇸

Aurora, Colorado, United States

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