CS-121 APOC3 Base Editing in FCS

Not Applicable

Not yet recruiting

• Conditions: Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (FCS)
• Interventions: Biological: CS-121

• Registration Number: NCT07176923
• Lead Sponsor: CorrectSequence Therapeutics Co., Ltd

Brief Summary

This is an open-label, single-arm, dose-escalation Phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamics (PD), and pharmacokinetics (PK) of CS-121, an in vivo base editing therapy delivered by lipid nanoparticles targeting APOC3, in adult participants (18-55 years) with familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS).

Detailed Description

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare, autosomal recessive lipid metabolism disorder characterized by impaired clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins due to deficiencies in lipoprotein lipase or its cofactors. Patients experience severe hypertriglyceridemia, recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis, abdominal pain, and other complications that significantly reduce quality of life and may be life-threatening. Despite strict dietary restrictions and conventional lipid-lowering therapies, many patients fail to achieve adequate triglyceride control, highlighting a major unmet medical need.

CS-121 is an investigational, in vivo base editing therapy delivered by lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) targeting the APOC3 gene in the liver. By introducing precise base edits at specific APOC3 loci, CS-121 is intended to mimic naturally occurring protective mutations that reduce ApoC3 expression, thereby restoring triglyceride clearance pathways and lowering pancreatitis risk. Preclinical studies in transgenic mouse and non-human primate models demonstrated dose-dependent APOC3 editing, reductions in serum ApoC3 protein and triglyceride levels, and acceptable safety profiles, supporting advancement into first-in-human evaluation.

This Phase I study uses an adaptive, dose-escalation design to investigate multiple dose levels of CS-121 in adults with genetically and clinically confirmed FCS. The design incorporates dynamic dose adjustment based on emerging safety, pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamic (PD) data, consistent with regulatory guidance for rare disease trials.

Participants will undergo screening to confirm eligibility, including fasting triglyceride measurements, North American FCS score (NAFCS), genetic and laboratory testing, and imaging studies. Eligible participants will receive a single intravenous infusion of CS-121 and will be observed in-clinic immediately post-dose for early safety monitoring. Extended follow-up visits will be conducted for up to 10 months, with evaluations of clinical safety parameters, ApoC3 protein and triglyceride levels, drug exposure (sgRNA/mRNA), and exploratory endpoints such as pancreatitis incidence and imaging of hepatic lipid accumulation.

The study is designed to establish a dose range, identify an optimal biological dose (OBD), and provide first-in-human safety, tolerability, PK, and PD data for CS-121 in FCS. Findings from this trial will inform the future development of base editing therapies in severe hypertriglyceridemia and related rare metabolic disorders.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2025-08-30
• Status Verified: 2025-09
• Study Start: 2025-09-01
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-09-12
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-09-12
• Study First Posted: 2025-09-16
• Last Update Posted: 2025-09-16
• Primary Completion: 2026-12
• Study Completion: 2026-12-01

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 15

Inclusion Criteria

• Male or female aged 18 to 55 years (inclusive) at the time of signing informed consent.
• On regular standard therapy with good compliance, but fasting triglyceride (TG) levels have not been consistently reduced below 10 mmol/L (880 mg/dL); i.e., before screening, there must be records of at least three separate fasting TG values >10 mmol/L (880 mg/dL), or the participant is intolerant to standard therapy.
• North American Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (NAFCS) score ≥45
• Able to sign informed consent and comply with the requirements and restrictions specified in the informed consent form and the protocol, such as dietary guidance and intake restrictions.
• Female participants must meet one of the following: be not of childbearing potential (e.g., documented hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy/sterilization, or ≥1 year postmenopausal); or, if of childbearing potential, have a negative pregnancy test at screening and be willing to use strict and effective contraception (e.g., abstinence, pharmacologic, or barrier methods) during the study. Male participants with reproductive potential must agree to use strict and effective contraception (e.g., abstinence, pharmacologic, or barrier methods) throughout the entire post-dose observation period; males without reproductive potential must provide supporting medical history (e.g., post-vasectomy).

Exclusion Criteria

• Currently participating in another interventional clinical study, or last use of another investigational product with a washout period of less than 5 half-lives or 30 days (whichever is longer).
• Use of APOC3-targeted antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) or siRNA lipid-lowering agents within 6 months prior to dosing.
• History of acute pancreatitis within 3 months before dosing.
• History of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) within 6 months before dosing, such as myocardial infarction or unstable angina, or prior coronary revascularization (e.g., coronary artery bypass grafting, angioplasty, or stent implantation).
• In the investigator's judgment, receipt of major surgery within 3 months before dosing that would make the participant unsuitable for this study drug or unable to tolerate possible cytokine-release events.
• Any of the following laboratory abnormalities at screening:

ALT or AST ≥3 × ULN Total bilirubin ≥1.5 × ULN eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m² Random urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) >30 mg/g LDL-C >130 mg/dL (3.4 mmol/L) HbA1c ≥9%

• Coagulation abnormalities deemed by the investigator to make CS-121 administration unsuitable.
• Positive at screening for HBsAg, HCV antibody and RNA, HIV, or Treponema pallidum (syphilis).
• Known major organ disease, psychiatric disorders, Cushing's syndrome, or malignancy that, in the investigator's judgment, would make the participant unsuitable for the study or unable to tolerate possible cytokine-release-like events.
• Concomitant medications or treatments judged by the investigator to affect lipid metabolism, hepatic or renal function, or coagulation, or to interfere with the evaluation of study drug efficacy, including but not limited to: systemic glucocorticoids, anabolic steroids, antiretroviral agents used within 4 weeks prior to dosing, plasma exchange, blood donation, or blood loss >200 mL.
• Planning pregnancy, currently pregnant, or breastfeeding.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SEQUENTIAL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Single Low Dose CS-121	CS-121	Participants in this arm will receive a single low dose of CS-121.
Single High Dose CS-121	CS-121	Participants in this arm will receive a single high dose of CS-121.
Single Middle Dose CS-121	CS-121	Participants in this arm will receive a single middle dose of CS-121.
Single Lower Dose 2 of CS-121	CS-121	Participants in this arm will receive a single lower dose 2 of CS-121.
Single Lower Dose 1 of CS-121	CS-121	Participants in this arm will receive a single lower dose 1 of CS-121.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)	From the start of dosing through approximately 10 months of follow-up	Incidence, nature, and severity of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), including serious adverse events (SAEs), adverse events of special interest (AESIs), and abnormalities in clinical symptoms, vital signs, physical examinations, laboratory tests, and electrocardiograms (ECGs). Severity will be graded according to NCI CTCAE version 5.0.
Dose-Limiting Toxicities (DLTs)	Number and type of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), defined as CTCAE grade ≥3 adverse events considered possibly, probably, or definitely related to CS-121 and persisting ≥7 days, or other adverse events/laboratory abnormalities that lead to suspension o	Within 14 days after CS-121 infusion

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change from Baseline in Fasting Serum Triglycerides (TG)	Baseline through approximately 10 months after dosing	Absolute and relative change in fasting serum triglyceride levels compared with baseline values.
Change from Baseline in Serum ApoC3 Protein Levels	Baseline through approximately 10 months after dosing	Absolute and relative change in serum ApoC3 protein concentrations compared with baseline values.
Peak Concentration (Cmax) of CS-121 Components	From dosing through approximately 1 month after infusion.	Maximum observed concentration of CS-121 components following intravenous infusion.
Time to Maximum Concentration (Tmax) of CS-121 Components	From dosing through approximately 1 month after infusion	Time to reach maximum observed concentration of CS-121 components following intravenous infusion
Area Under the Curve (AUC) of CS-121 Components	From dosing through approximately 1 month after infusion.	Area under the Curve of CS-121 components to characterize systemic exposure

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University; 🇨🇳 Hefei, Anhui, China