Sleep Restriction and Obesity

Not Applicable

Completed

Brief Summary: Insufficient sleep may be one of the most common, and most preventable, obesity risk factors. The investigators wish to determine whether 14 nights of modest sleep restriction results in increased energy balance, thus potentially increasing the risk of obesity. The investigators hypothesize that sleep restriction will result in increased energy balance.

Detailed Description: Numerous studies have reported that self-reported short sleep duration is associated with obesity and weight gain. Insufficient sleep may be one of the most common, and most preventable, obesity risk factors. Given that sleep restriction is largely voluntary and potentially correctable, understanding the mechanisms that link insufficient sleep to positive energy balance and the development of obesity, particularly visceral obesity, is crucial to clinical applications, public health policy, and informing future studies. The investigators wish to determine whether 14 nights of modest sleep restriction results in increased energy balance, thus potentially increasing the risk of obesity. The investigators will combine energy balance, biomarker, and imaging data with state-of-the art sleep monitoring to provide unambiguous data on the effects of sleep restriction on obesity. Together, the investigators findings will help explain whether the reduced sleep duration in the general population may be contributing to the current epidemic of obesity, and suggest strategies to reduce this risk.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Age 18-40 years
BMI of 18.5-30 kg/m2
Not a current smoker or tobacco user
No chronic medical or psychiatric disorders
On no prescription medications other than second generation antihistamines (cetirizine, fexofenadine, desloratadine, loratadine, etc), oral contraceptive pills, or intrauterine devices
History of normal sleep patterns, defined as nocturnal sleep duration of 6.5-8 hours per night without regular daytime naps

Exclusion Criteria

The investigators will exclude subjects who have any medical or psychiatric disorders
History of anxiety or depression
Those taking any medications other than non-sedating antihistamines or oral contraceptives will be excluded
Those found to have depression on a depression screening tool (BDI-II) will be excluded
Current smokers will be excluded
All female subjects will undergoing a screening pregnancy test and excluded if positive
Subjects found to have significant sleep disorders will be excluded

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Sleep restriction	Sleep restriction	Sleep restriction

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in energy expenditure	baseline to 21 days	Change in energy expenditure, including activity energy expenditure, thermic effect of food (TEF), and basal metabolic rate (BMR), measured during acclimation, experimental and recovery timepoints..
Change in caloric intake and hunger	baseline to 21 days	Change in caloric intake and hunger, measured during acclimation, experimental and recovery timepoints.
Change in metabolic hormones	baseline to 21 days	Change in metabolic hormones measured during acclimation, experimental and recovery timepoints.
Change in fat tissue characteristics and body composition	baseline to 21 days	Changes in fat tissue characteristics from serial fat biopsies, and in body composition from DEXA and CT imaging, measured during acclimation, experimental and recovery timepoints.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in arterial stiffness	baseline to 21 days	Change in arterial stiffness, measured during acclimation, experimental, and recovery timepoints.
Change in markers of inflammation and endothelial function	baseline to 21 days	Change in markers of inflammation and endothelial function, measured during acclimation, experimental and recovery timepoints.
Change in neurocognitive deficits	baseline to 21 days	Change in neurocognitive function measured by battery, measured during acclimation, experimental and recovery timepoints..
Change in electrocardiographic characteristics	baseline to 21 days	Change in electrocardiographic characteristics, measured during acclimation, experimental and recovery timepoints.
Change in cardiovascular reactivity	baseline to 21 days	Change in cardiovascular reactivity, measured during acclimation, experimental, and recovery timepoints.
Change in blood pressure and autonomic function	baseline to 21 days	Change in mean arterial blood pressure and autonomic function, measured during acclimation, experimental and recovery timepoints.

Locations (1): Mayo Clinic in Rochester
🇺🇸
Rochester, Minnesota, United States