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Emollient Therapy for Severe Acute Malnutrition

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Child Malnutrition
Malnutrition in Children
Malnutrition
Interventions
Other: Topical emollient (Sun Flower seed oil)
Registration Number
NCT02616289
Lead Sponsor
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
Brief Summary

The investigators hypothesize that the absorption of topically applied EFA-containing emollient (SSO) into the skin and thence into the bloodstream in children with SAM will improve skin barrier function and accelerate weight gain and clinical rehabilitation beyond that possible through normal standard-of-care

Detailed Description

A child with SAM, in addition to wasting will often present with infection, hypothermia, dehydration and electrolyte imbalance - complications attributable, at least in part, to compromised skin barrier function. Essential fatty acid (EFA)-containing emollients such as sunflower seed oil (SSO) have been shown to augment skin barrier function, reduce transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and risk of bloodstream infection and mortality, and promote weight gain in preterm infants. Recent research from rural Bangladesh showed very low levels of EFAs in young children in the general population. It is believed that EFA levels will be further depleted in children with SAM. So the investigators aim to demonstrate the feasibility of topical applications of SSO to children with SAM, and to measure clinical impact of emollient therapy with SSO on skin barrier function, skin condition, EFA levels in blood, weight gain, co-morbidities (e.g., pneumonia, sepsis), and time to complete acute rehabilitation from SAM, in addition to the benefits of normal standard-of-care.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
212
Inclusion Criteria
  • Parent or legal guardian is willing and able to provide written informed consent for the subject to take part in the trial and comply with an inpatient stay of at least 10 days.
  • Children aged 2-24 months inclusive diagnosed with SAM (weight-for-length Z score <-3 or bilateral pedal edema) admitted in the Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • Willing to suspend usual home skin care treatments for the duration of study
Exclusion Criteria
  • Consent refusal
  • Life threatening health conditions such as septic shock and altered consciousness on admission; congenital problems (congenital heart disease or known metabolic disorders, chromosomal abnormalities, renal failure, etc.); any known chronic disease including tuberculosis, HIV infection
  • History of drug or other allergy or any condition that may complicate the interpretation of safety or efficacy such as dermatitis which, in the opinion of the investigator, contraindicates participation in the trial, or know hypersensitivity to SSO
  • The child is in care (no longer looked after by their parent or legal guardian)
  • Participation in another study

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
EmollientTopical emollient (Sun Flower seed oil)Topical emollient (Sun Flower seed oil) in addition to routine standard of care for severe acute malnutrition.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
changes of body weightBaseline and 10th day

Body weight will be measured after 10 days of intervention

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Skin condition changesBaseline and 10th day

Clinical improvement of skin conditions will be measured by a predefined skin scoring system where the value of the score increase proportionately (score '0' in normal skin condition) with the skin changes. Investigators will compare the score with baseline after intervention among the groups.

Time to discharge from acute illnessesthrough study completion, an average of 5 days

Time to discharge from acute illnesses like, diarrhea, pneumonia, enteric fever etc which usually associated with severe acute malnutrition.

Reduction in TEWLbaseline and 10th day

Reduction in trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) which will be measured by Tewameter

Serum CRP levelBaseline and 10th day

Serum CRP level will be assessed before and after the intervention to know the potential impact of the intervention on this change.

Serum Cytokines levelBaseline and 10th day

Serum Cytokines (inflammatory) level will be assessed before and after the intervention to know the potential impact of the intervention on these changes.

Serum essential fatty acids (EFAs) levelBaseline and 10th day

Serum EFAs level will be assessed before and after the intervention to know the potential impact of the intervention on these changes.

Reduction of rate of nosocomial infections between cases and controlsthrough study completion, an average of 10 days

Reduction of rate of nosocomial infections between cases and controls

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Dhaka Hospital, icddr,b

🇧🇩

Dhaka, Bangladesh

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