Combination Chemotherapy, Autologous Stem Cell Transplant, and/or Radiation Therapy in Treating Young Patients With Extraocular Retinoblastoma

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Extraocular Retinoblastoma

Interventions: Procedure: Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation
Procedure: Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Drug: Carboplatin
Drug: Cisplatin
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
Drug: Etoposide
Biological: Filgrastim
Procedure: In Vitro-Treated Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
Radiation: Radiation Therapy
Drug: Thiotepa
Drug: Vincristine Sulfate

Registration Number: NCT00554788

Lead Sponsor: Children's Oncology Group

Brief Summary: This phase III trial is studying the side effects and how well giving combination chemotherapy together with autologous stem cell transplant and/or radiation therapy works in treating young patients with extraocular retinoblastoma. Giving chemotherapy before an autologous stem cell transplant stops the growth of tumor cells by stopping them from dividing or killing them. After treatment, stem cells are collected from the patient's blood and/or bone marrow and stored. More chemotherapy is given to prepare the bone marrow for the stem cell transplant. The stem cells are then returned to the patient to replace the blood-forming cells that were destroyed by the chemotherapy. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Giving radiation therapy after combination chemotherapy and/or autologous stem cell transplant may kill any remaining tumor cells.

Detailed Description: OBJECTIVES:

I. To estimate the proportion of 3 groups of patients with extraocular retinoblastoma (stage 2 and 3: regional extra-ocular disease;, stage 4a: disseminated metastatic disease not involving the central nervous system \[CNS\]; or stage 4b: patients with CNS disease) who achieve long-term event-free survival after treatment with aggressive multimodality therapy compared to historical controls.

II. To estimate the response rate to the induction phase of the regimen. III. To evaluate the toxicities associated with this regimen.

OUTLINE:

INDUCTION CHEMOTHERAPY: Patients receive vincristine intravenously (IV) on days 0, 7, and 14, cisplatin IV over 6 hours on day 0, cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour and etoposide IV over 1 hour on days 1 and 2, and filgrastim (G-CSF) subcutaneously (SC) beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover.

Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of induction chemotherapy, patients with stage 2 or 3 disease who have at least a partial response proceed to radiotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease who have at least a partial response proceed to high-dose consolidation chemotherapy and autologous stem cell infusion.

STEM CELL HARVESTING (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Peripheral blood stem cells (preferred) or bone marrow cells are collected after at least 1 course of induction chemotherapy.

HIGH-DOSE CONSOLIDATION CHEMOTHERAPY (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV over 4 hours on days -8 to -6 and thiotepa IV over 3 hours and etoposide IV over 3 hours on days -5 to -3.

AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0. Patients then receive filgrastim subcutaneously (SC) beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover.

RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion. Patients with stage 4a disease who achieve a complete response to induction chemotherapy or with less than 5 mm of residual tumor at the time of planned irradiation, or patients with stage 4b disease who achieve a complete response to induction chemotherapy do not undergo radiotherapy.

After completion of study therapy, patients are followed every 3 months for 1 year and then annually thereafter for 9 years.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 60

Inclusion Criteria

Patients must have histologic or cytologic verification of extra-ocular retinoblastoma; extra-ocular disease includes orbital disease, optic nerve involvement at the surgical margin, regional nodal disease, and/or overt distant metastatic disease (at sites such as bone, bone marrow, liver and/or the central nervous system); patients with trilateral retinoblastoma will also be included in this protocol
- Patients with a CNS lesion consistent with trilateral or stage 4b disease may be enrolled without tissue confirmation if (1) unequivocal leptomeningeal disease is present on brain or spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and/or (2) the primary tumor is at least 2 cm in diameter, predominantly solid, and demonstrates enhancement on the post-gadolinium images; however, even in such cases surgery should be given serious consideration
Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1, or 2; use Karnofsky for patients > 16 years of age and Lansky for patients =< 16 years of age
No prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy for the extra-ocular retinoblastoma may have been administered prior to entering this study; prior treatment (chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy) for intra-ocular retinoblastoma is permissible
Peripheral absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 750/uL
- If the ANC and/or platelet count are not adequate, but due to bone marrow metastatic disease, these criteria will be waived
Platelet count >= 75,000/uL (transfusion independent)
- If the ANC and/or platelet count are not adequate, but due to bone marrow metastatic disease, these criteria will be waived
Creatinine clearance OR radioisotope glomerular filtration rate >= 70 mL/min/1.73 m^2 or a serum creatinine based on age/gender as follows:
- 0.4 mg/dL (1 month to < 6 months of age)
- 0.5 mg/dL (6 months to < 1 year of age)
- 0.6 mg/dL (1 years to < 2 years of age)
- 0.8 mg/dL (2 years to < 6 years of age)
- 1.0 mg/dL (6 years to < 10 years of age)
- 1.2 mg/dL (10 years to < 13 years of age)
- 1.5 mg/dL (male) or 1.4 mg/dL (female) (13 years to < 16 years of age)
- 1.7 mg/dL (male) or 1.4 mg/dL (female) (>= 16 years of age)
Total bilirubin =< 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) or serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) < 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) for human studies must be met

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Vincristine Sulfate	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Carboplatin	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Cisplatin	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Cyclophosphamide	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Etoposide	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Filgrastim	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	In Vitro-Treated Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Radiation Therapy	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.
Treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, autologous SCI)	Thiotepa	INDUCTION: Patients receive vincristine IV; cisplatin IV; cyclophosphamide IV; and G-CSF SC beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. CONSOLIDATION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients receive carboplatin IV; thiotepa IV; and etoposide IV. AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL INFUSION (stage 4a or 4b disease only): Patients undergo autologous stem cell infusion on day 0 and receive G-CSF SC beginning on day 1 and continuing until blood counts recover. RADIOTHERAPY: Patients with stage 2 or 3 disease (orbital and/or regional involvement) undergo radiotherapy to sites that were initially involved beginning within 42 days after the start of course 4 of induction chemotherapy. Patients with stage 4a or 4b disease undergo radiotherapy to sites initially involved based on response beginning approximately 42 days after autologous stem cell infusion.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Event-free Survival (EFS)	At 1 year	The probability of surviving patients who did not experience events at 1 year following enrollment. An event is defined as relapse, second malignancy, or death from any cause.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Response Rate to the Induction Phase of the Regimen	12 weeks after participant received the first dose	This study used a modified version of the international criteria for neuroblastoma response. The response rate to the induction phase of the regimen and a corresponding 95% confidence interval will be calculated for all strata combined.
Percentage of Participants With Adverse Events as Assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.0	Up to 30 days after completion of study treatment	Grade 3 and higher toxicities will be descriptively summarized.

Trial Locations

Locations (73): Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Arthur M Blank Hospital
🇺🇸
Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Children's Hospital of Alabama
🇺🇸
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Phoenix Childrens Hospital
🇺🇸
Phoenix, Arizona, United States
Arkansas Children's Hospital
🇺🇸
Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
🇺🇸
Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
Kaiser Permanente Downey Medical Center
🇺🇸
Downey, California, United States
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
🇺🇸
Los Angeles, California, United States
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University
🇺🇸
Palo Alto, California, United States
UCSF Medical Center-Parnassus
🇺🇸
San Francisco, California, United States
UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay
🇺🇸
San Francisco, California, United States
Children's Hospital Colorado
🇺🇸
Aurora, Colorado, United States
Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center
🇺🇸
Denver, Colorado, United States
Connecticut Children's Medical Center
🇺🇸
Hartford, Connecticut, United States
Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
🇺🇸
Wilmington, Delaware, United States
Children's National Medical Center
🇺🇸
Washington, District of Columbia, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville
🇺🇸
Jacksonville, Florida, United States
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine-Sylvester Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Miami, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic - Orlando
🇺🇸
Orlando, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Hospital
🇺🇸
Orlando, Florida, United States
Nemours Children's Clinic - Pensacola
🇺🇸
Pensacola, Florida, United States
Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital
🇺🇸
Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States
Saint Joseph's Hospital/Children's Hospital-Tampa
🇺🇸
Tampa, Florida, United States
Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago
🇺🇸
Chicago, Illinois, United States
Riley Hospital for Children
🇺🇸
Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
University of Illinois
🇺🇸
Chicago, Illinois, United States
University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Iowa City, Iowa, United States
University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Lexington, Kentucky, United States
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
🇺🇸
Bethesda, Maryland, United States
Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
🇺🇸
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
University of Mississippi Medical Center
🇺🇸
Jackson, Mississippi, United States
Washington University School of Medicine
🇺🇸
Saint Louis, Missouri, United States
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
🇺🇸
Kansas City, Missouri, United States
Sunrise Hospital and Medical Center
🇺🇸
Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
Alliance for Childhood Diseases/Cure 4 the Kids Foundation
🇺🇸
Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
Summerlin Hospital Medical Center
🇺🇸
Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
Nevada Cancer Research Foundation NCORP
🇺🇸
Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
Morristown Medical Center
🇺🇸
Morristown, New Jersey, United States
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
🇺🇸
New York, New York, United States
New York Medical College
🇺🇸
Valhalla, New York, United States
Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute
🇺🇸
Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
Novant Health Presbyterian Medical Center
🇺🇸
Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
Duke University Medical Center
🇺🇸
Durham, North Carolina, United States
Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron
🇺🇸
Akron, Ohio, United States
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
🇺🇸
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital
🇺🇸
Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Cleveland Clinic Foundation
🇺🇸
Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Dayton Children's Hospital
🇺🇸
Dayton, Ohio, United States
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
🇺🇸
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Penn State Children's Hospital
🇺🇸
Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
🇺🇸
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Children's Oncology Group
🇺🇸
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
🇺🇸
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital
🇺🇸
Memphis, Tennessee, United States
Medical City Dallas Hospital
🇺🇸
Dallas, Texas, United States
UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
🇺🇸
Dallas, Texas, United States
Cook Children's Medical Center
🇺🇸
Fort Worth, Texas, United States
Baylor College of Medicine/Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Houston, Texas, United States
M D Anderson Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Houston, Texas, United States
Children's Hospital of San Antonio
🇺🇸
San Antonio, Texas, United States
Methodist Children's Hospital of South Texas
🇺🇸
San Antonio, Texas, United States
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
🇺🇸
San Antonio, Texas, United States
Virginia Commonwealth University/Massey Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Richmond, Virginia, United States
Saint Vincent Hospital Cancer Center Green Bay
🇺🇸
Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States
Children's Hospital of Wisconsin
🇺🇸
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
Hospital de Pediatria Juan P Garrahan
🇦🇷
Buenos Aires, Argentina
The Children's Hospital at Westmead
🇦🇺
Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
Princess Margaret Hospital for Children
🇦🇺
Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Instituto De Oncologia Pediatrica
🇧🇷
Sao Paulo, Brazil
IWK Health Centre
🇨🇦
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
🇨🇦
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Children's Cancer Hospital
🇪🇬
El Saida Zenab, Cairo, Egypt