A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Umeclidinium Bromide/Vilanterol Compared With Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol Over 12 Weeks in Subjects With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Interventions: Drug: Fluticasone propionate/Salmeterol
Drug: Umeclidinium bromide/Vilanterol
Drug: Placebo ACCUHALER/DISKUS
Drug: Placebo NDPI

Registration Number: NCT01822899

Lead Sponsor: GlaxoSmithKline

Brief Summary: This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group study. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI) and fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FSC) in subjects with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Subjects who meet the eligibility criteria at Screening will complete a 7 to 14 day Run-in period. At the end of the run-in period, approximately 710 eligible subjects will be equally randomized (to complete at least 568 evaluable subjects) to one of the 2 treatment groups for 12 weeks: 1. UMEC/VI 62.5/25 micrograms (mcg) administered as one inhalation once-daily in the morning via the Novel dry powder inhaler (NDPI) + placebo administered as one inhalation each morning and evening via single multidose powdered inhaler (ACCUHALER/DISKUS) or 2. FSC 500/50 mcg administered as one inhalation each morning and evening via ACCUHALER/DISKUS + placebo administered once-daily in the morning via NDPI. A safety Follow-up assessment will be conducted approximately 7 days after the end of the study treatment (Early Withdrawal, if applicable). The total duration of subject participation will be approximately 15 weeks.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 717

Inclusion Criteria

Type of subject: Outpatient
Informed Consent: A signed and dated written informed consent prior to study participation
Age: Subjects 40 years of age or older at Visit 1
Gender: Male or female subjects. A female is eligible to enter and participate in the study if she is of: Non-child bearing potential (i.e. physiologically incapable of becoming pregnant, including any female who is post-menopausal or surgically sterile); or Child bearing potential, has a negative pregnancy test at screening, and agrees to one of the acceptable contraceptive methods listed in the protocol used consistently and correctly
Diagnosis: established clinical history of COPD in accordance with the definition by the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society as follows: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a preventable and treatable disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually progressive and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases, primarily caused by cigarette smoking. Although COPD affects the lungs, it also produces significant systemic consequences.
Smoking history: Current or former cigarette smokers with a history of cigarette smoking of >=10 pack-years [number of pack years = (number of cigarettes per day/20) x number of years smoked (e.g., 20 cigarettes per day for 10 years, or 10 cigarettes per day for 20 years)]. Previous smokers are defined as those who have stopped smoking for at least 6 months prior to Visit 1. Pipe and/or cigar smoking cannot be used to calculate pack year history.
Severity of disease: A pre and post-salbutamol FEV1/FVC ratio of <0.70 and a post-salbutamol FEV1 of >=30% and <=70% of predicted normal values calculated using NHANES III reference equations at Visit 1.
Dyspnea: A score of >=2 on the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) at Visit 1.

Exclusion Criteria

Pregnancy: Women who are pregnant or lactating or are planning on becoming pregnant during the study
Asthma: A current diagnosis of asthma
Other Respiratory Disorders: Known alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, active lung infections (such as tuberculosis), and lung cancer are absolute exclusionary conditions. A subject, who, in the opinion of the investigator, has any other significant respiratory condition in addition to COPD should be excluded. Examples may include clinically significant bronchiectasis, pulmonary hypertension, sarcoidosis, or interstitial lung disease. Inactive tuberculosis in more than one lobe is exclusionary. Allergic rhinitis is not exclusionary.
Other Diseases/Abnormalities: Subjects with historical or current evidence of clinically significant cardiovascular, neurological, psychiatric, renal, hepatic, immunological, endocrine (including uncontrolled diabetes or thyroid disease) or hematological abnormalities that are uncontrolled and/or a previous history of cancer in remission for <5 years prior to Visit 1 (localized carcinoma of the skin that has been resected for cure is not exclusionary). Significant is defined as any disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, would put the safety of the subject at risk through participation, or which would affect the efficacy or safety analysis if the disease/condition exacerbated during the study.
Contraindications: A history of allergy or hypersensitivity to any anticholinergic/muscarinic receptor antagonist, beta2-agonist, corticosteroid, lactose/milk protein or magnesium stearate or a medical condition such as narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy or bladder neck obstruction that, in the opinion of the study physician contraindicates study participation or use of an inhaled anticholinergic.
Hospitalization: Hospitalization for pneumonia within 12 weeks prior to Visit 1
History of COPD Exacerbation: A documented history of at least one COPD exacerbation in the 12 months prior to Visit 1 that required either oral corticosteroids, antibiotics, and/or hospitalization. Prior use of antibiotics alone does not qualify as an exacerbation history unless the use was associated with treatment of worsening symptoms of COPD, such as increased dyspnea, sputum volume, or sputum purulence.
Lung Resection: Subjects with lung volume reduction surgery within the 12 months prior to Screening (Visit 1)
12-Lead ECG: An abnormal and significant electrocardiogram (ECG) finding from the 12-lead ECG conducted at Visit 1. Investigators will be provided with ECG reviews conducted by a centralized independent cardiologist to assist in evaluation of subject eligibility.
Medication Prior to Spirometry: Unable to withhold salbutamol for the 4 hour period required prior to spirometry testing at each study visit.
Medications Prior to Screening: Use of the following medications according to the following defined time intervals prior to Visit 1: Depot corticosteroids - 12 weeks, Systemic, oral or parenteral corticosteroids - 6 weeks, Antibiotics (for lower respiratory tract infection) - 6 weeks, Cytochrome P450 3A4 strong inhibitors - 6 weeks, Herbal medications potentially containing oral or systemic steroids - 6 weeks, Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) - 30 days, Long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA)/ICS combination products - 30 days, Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors (e.g., roflumilast) - 14 days, Inhaled long-acting anticholinergics - 7 days, Theophyllines - 48 hours, Oral leukotriene inhibitors (zafirlukast, montelukast, zileuton) - 48 hours, Oral beta2-agonists Long-acting-48 hours/Short-acting - 12 hours, Inhaled long acting beta2-agonists (LABA, e.g., salmeterol, formoterol, indacaterol) - 48 hours, Inhaled sodium cromoglycate or nedocromil sodium - 24 hours, Inhaled short acting beta2-agonists - 4 hours, Inhaled short-acting anticholinergics - 4 hours, Inhaled short-acting anticholinergic/short-acting beta2-agonist combination products - 4 hours, Any other investigational medication - 30 days or within 5 drug half-lives (whichever is longer)
Oxygen: Use of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) described as oxygen therapy prescribed for greater than 12 hours a day. As-needed oxygen use (i.e., <=12 hours per day) is not exclusionary.
Nebulized Therapy: Regular use (prescribed for use every day, not for as-needed use) of short-acting bronchodilators (e.g., salbutamol) via nebulized therapy.
Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program: Participation in the acute phase of a pulmonary rehabilitation program within 4 weeks prior to Visit 1. Subjects who are in the maintenance phase of a pulmonary rehabilitation program are not excluded.
Drug or Alcohol Abuse: A known or suspected history of alcohol or drug abuse within 2 years prior to Visit 1.
Affiliation with Investigator Site: A subject will not be eligible for this study if he/she is an immediate family member of the participating investigator, sub-investigator, study coordinator, or employee of the participating investigator
Inability to read: A subject will not be eligible for the study if in the opinion of the investigator the subject cannot read.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Umeclidinium bromide/Vilanterol + placebo ACCUHALER/DISKUS	Placebo ACCUHALER/DISKUS	Subjects will receive UMEC/ VI 62.5/25 mcg, one inhalation administered once-daily in the morning via the NDPI and one placebo ACCUHALER/DISKUS administered as one inhalation each morning and evening.
Fluticasone propionate/Salmeterol + placebo NDPI	Fluticasone propionate/Salmeterol	Subjects will receive FSC 500/50 mcg, administered as one inhalation each morning and evening via ACCUHALER/DISKUS + placebo administered once daily in the morning via NDPI.
Fluticasone propionate/Salmeterol + placebo NDPI	Placebo NDPI	Subjects will receive FSC 500/50 mcg, administered as one inhalation each morning and evening via ACCUHALER/DISKUS + placebo administered once daily in the morning via NDPI.
Umeclidinium bromide/Vilanterol + placebo ACCUHALER/DISKUS	Umeclidinium bromide/Vilanterol	Subjects will receive UMEC/ VI 62.5/25 mcg, one inhalation administered once-daily in the morning via the NDPI and one placebo ACCUHALER/DISKUS administered as one inhalation each morning and evening.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change From Baseline (BL) in 0 to 24 Hour Weighted Mean Serial Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) at Day 84	Baseline and Day 84	FEV1 is a measure of lung function and is defined as the maximal amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled in one second. The weighted mean was calculated from the pre-dose FEV1 and post-dose FEV1 measurements at 5 and 15 minutes and 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 (pre-evening dose), 13, 15, 18, 23, and 24 hours after the morning dose. Analysis was performed using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with covariates of treatment, Baseline FEV1 (mean of the two assessments made 30 minutes and 5 minutes pre-dose on Day 1), and smoking status.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change From Baseline (BL) in Trough Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) at Day 85	Baseline and Day 85	FEV1 is a measure of lung function and is defined as the maximal amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled in one second. BL is defined as the mean of the assessments made 30 and 5 minutes (min) pre-dose on Treatment Day 1. Trough FEV1 on Day 85 is defined as the mean of the FEV1values obtained 23 and 24 hours after the previous morning's dosing (i.e., trough FEV1 on Day 85 is the mean of the FEV1 values obtained 23 and 24 hours after morning dosing on Day 84). Analysis was performed using a repeated measures model with covariates of treatment, BL (mean of the two assessments made 30 min and 5 min pre-dose on Day 1), smoking status, day, and day by BL and day by treatment interactions. The model used all available trough FEV1 values recorded on Days 28, 56, 84, and 85. Missing data were not directly imputed in this analysis; however, all non-missing data for a participant were used within the analysis to estimate the treatment effect for trough FEV1 at Day 85.