A Brief Intervention for the Promotion of Wellbeing: the Power of Gratitude
Overview
- Phase
- N/A
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Affect
- Sponsor
- Universitat Jaume I
- Enrollment
- 15
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Change in Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988; Spanish version: Sandín et al., 1999) at pre-intervention, during the intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up.
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 3 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
This study aims to analyze the effects of a psychological intervention to promote wellbeing. To do so, a brief intervention is developed to enhance a sense of gratitude through a multiple baseline across components design. Traditional measures will be used together with the incorporation of a novel evaluation methodology such as the EMA, which allows the collection of data in the context of people's daily lives and at different specific times, that is, in real time.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •18 years old or older
- •A score of, at least, 1 standard deviation below the mean for the PANAS positive subscale, based on the norms of the general population
Exclusion Criteria
- •Suicide risk
- •Bipolar disorder
- •Psychosis
- •Any medical or psychiatric condition that hinders participation in the study
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Change in Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988; Spanish version: Sandín et al., 1999) at pre-intervention, during the intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up.
Time Frame: Up to 2 months
The PANAS consists of 20 items with a range from 1 (very slightly or not at all) to 5 (extremely). Respondents have to indicate the extent to which they experienced the feeling or emotion during the past few weeks. This scale evaluates two independent dimensions: positive affect and negative affect. The maximum score for each subscale is 50. The scale showed excellent internal consistency (α between .84 and .90) and convergent and discriminant validity. The Spanish version has demonstrated high internal consistency (α = 0.89 and 0.91 for positive affect and negative affect in women, respectively, and α = 0.87 and 0.89 for PA and NA in men, respectively) in college students.
Change in Gratitude Questionnaire 6-item (GQ-6) (McCullough, Emmons, & Tsang, 2001; Spanish version: Magallares, Recio, & Sanjuán, 2018) at pre-intervention, during the intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up.
Time Frame: Up to 2 months
The GQ-5 consists of six items that measure span, frequency, intensity and density of gratitude and primarily focuses on the unidimensional emotional component of gratitude. Participants have to rate six items (e.g., "I have so much in life to be thankful for") on a seven-point Likert scale (GQ-6: α = 0.82)
Secondary Outcomes
- Change in Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ) (Devilly & Borkovec, 2000) at pre-intervention.(Baseline)
- Change in Satisfaction with life (SWLS) (Diener, Emmos, Larse, & Griffin, 1985; Spanish version: Vázquez, Duque, & Hervás, 2013) at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up.(Up to 2 months)
- Change in Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999; Spanish version: Extremera & Fernández-Berrocal, 2014) at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up.(Up to 2 months)
- Change in Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) (Campbell-Sills et al., 2009; Spanish version: González-Robles et al., 2018) at at pre-intervention, during the intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up.(Up to 2 months)
- Change in Dispositional Hope Scale (DHS) (Snyder et al., 1991; Spanish version: Galiana et al., 2015) at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up.(Up to 2 months)
- Change in Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS) (Bentley et al., 2014; Spanish version: Mira et al., 2019) at pre-intervention, during the intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up.(Up to 2 months)
- Change in Pemberton Happiness Index (PHI) (Hervás & Vázquez, 2013) at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up.(Up to 2 months)