A Trial of Single Agent Axitinib as Maintenance Therapy for Patients With First Line Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC)

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Interventions: Drug: Axitinib
Drug: Bevacizumab
Drug: 5-Fluorouracil
Drug: Leucovorin
Drug: Oxaliplatin

Registration Number: NCT01490866

Lead Sponsor: SCRI Development Innovations, LLC

Brief Summary: This is a non-randomized, open-label, Phase II trial investigating axitinib as a single-agent maintenance therapy following standard first-line FOLFOX/bevacizumab therapy for patients with mCRC.

Detailed Description: All patients will receive FOLFOX/bevacizumab for four 28-day cycles (a total of 16 weeks). After 4 cycles, maintenance axitinib will be started. With approval of the Medical Monitor,patients who are having significant benefit from FOLFOX/bevacizumab may continue chemotherapy to a maximum of six 28-day cycles. During trial treatment, all patients will be assessed for response every 8 weeks (2 cycles).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 70

Inclusion Criteria

Histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum.
Patients must have measurable disease per RECIST Version 1.1.
No previous systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Previous radiosensitizing chemotherapy is allowed, if completed at least 4 weeks prior to Cycle 1 Day 1 of study treatment, and previous neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy is allowed, if completed at least 6 months prior to diagnosis of metastatic disease.
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status score of 0 to 1.
Life expectancy >=12 weeks.
Adequate hematologic, renal and hepatic function
Patients who are on coumadin should have an INR value within the therapeutic range (i.e., 2 to 3 x ULN). Patients who are on stable, chronic doses of coumadin are eligible.
Male patients willing to use adequate contraceptive measures. Female patients who are not of child-bearing potential, and female patients of child-bearing potential who agree to use adequate contraceptive measures, who are not breastfeeding, and who have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test performed within 72 hours prior to start of treatment.
Willingness and ability to comply with the trial and follow-up procedures.
Ability to understand the investigative nature of this trial and give written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria

History or known presence of central nervous system (CNS) metastases.
Patients who have had a major surgical procedure (not including mediastinoscopy), or significant traumatic injury <=4 weeks prior to beginning treatment.
Women who are pregnant or lactating. All females of child-bearing potential must have negative serum or urine pregnancy tests within 72 hours prior to study treatment (see Appendix D)
History of hypersensitivity to active or inactive excipients of any component of treatment (5 fluorouracil, bevacizumab, oxaliplatin, or axitinib), or known dipyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency.
Patients with proteinuria at screening as demonstrated by:
- Urine dipstick for proteinuria >=2+ (patients discovered to have >=2+ proteinuria on dipstick urinalysis at baseline should undergo a 24-hour urine collection, and must demonstrate <=1 g of protein/24 hours to be eligible)
Patients with a serious non healing wound, active ulcer, or untreated bone fracture.
Patients with evidence of bleeding diathesis or significant coagulopathy (in the absence of therapeutic anticoagulation).
Patients with history of hematemesis or hemoptysis (defined as having bright red blood of ½ teaspoon or more per episode) <=1 month prior to study enrollment.
Patients requiring concomitant treatment with potent CYP3A4 or CYP1A2 inducers and CYP3A4 inhibitors.
History of myocardial infarction or unstable angina <=6 months prior to beginning treatment.
Inadequately controlled hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure >150 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >100 mmHg while on antihypertensive medications). Initiation of antihypertensive agents is permitted provided adequate control is documented at least 1 week prior to Day 1 of study treatment.
New York Heart Association Grade II or greater congestive heart failure.
Serious cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication. Patients with chronic, rate-controlled atrial fibrillation are eligible.
Significant vascular disease (e.g., aortic aneurysm requiring surgical repair, or recent peripheral arterial thrombosis) <=6 months prior to Day 1 of treatment.
History of stroke or transient ischemic attack <=6 months prior to beginning treatment.
Any prior history of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy.
History of abdominal fistula or gastrointestinal perforation <=6 months prior to Day 1 of beginning treatment.
Concurrent severe, intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
Any known positive test for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus or acute or chronic hepatitis B infection.
Mental condition that would prevent patient comprehension of the nature of, and risk associated with, the study.
Use of any non-approved or investigational agent <=28 days prior to administration of the first dose of study drug. Patients may not receive any other investigational or anti-cancer treatments while participating in this study.
Past or current history of neoplasm other than the entry diagnosis with the exception of treated non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or other cancers cured by local therapy alone and a disease free survival >=5 years.
Infection requiring IV antibiotics.
Impairment of gastrointestinal function or gastrointestinal disease that may significantly alter drug absorption (e.g. active inflammatory bowel disease, uncontrolled nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome or significant small bowel resection).
Inability to swallow whole tablets.
Patients with > Grade 2 peripheral neuropathy.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
FOLFOX/bevacizumab and Axitinib	Axitinib	Phase II trial investigating axitinib as a single-agent maintenance therapy following standard first-line FOLFOX/bevacizumab therapy for patients with mCRC. (FOLFOX is a combination of 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin and Oxaliplatin.) All patients will receive FOLFOX/bevacizumab for four 28-day cycles (a total of 16 weeks). After 4 cycles, maintenance axitinib will be started.
FOLFOX/bevacizumab and Axitinib	Bevacizumab	Phase II trial investigating axitinib as a single-agent maintenance therapy following standard first-line FOLFOX/bevacizumab therapy for patients with mCRC. (FOLFOX is a combination of 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin and Oxaliplatin.) All patients will receive FOLFOX/bevacizumab for four 28-day cycles (a total of 16 weeks). After 4 cycles, maintenance axitinib will be started.
FOLFOX/bevacizumab and Axitinib	Leucovorin	Phase II trial investigating axitinib as a single-agent maintenance therapy following standard first-line FOLFOX/bevacizumab therapy for patients with mCRC. (FOLFOX is a combination of 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin and Oxaliplatin.) All patients will receive FOLFOX/bevacizumab for four 28-day cycles (a total of 16 weeks). After 4 cycles, maintenance axitinib will be started.
FOLFOX/bevacizumab and Axitinib	5-Fluorouracil	Phase II trial investigating axitinib as a single-agent maintenance therapy following standard first-line FOLFOX/bevacizumab therapy for patients with mCRC. (FOLFOX is a combination of 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin and Oxaliplatin.) All patients will receive FOLFOX/bevacizumab for four 28-day cycles (a total of 16 weeks). After 4 cycles, maintenance axitinib will be started.
FOLFOX/bevacizumab and Axitinib	Oxaliplatin	Phase II trial investigating axitinib as a single-agent maintenance therapy following standard first-line FOLFOX/bevacizumab therapy for patients with mCRC. (FOLFOX is a combination of 5-Fluorouracil, Leucovorin and Oxaliplatin.) All patients will receive FOLFOX/bevacizumab for four 28-day cycles (a total of 16 weeks). After 4 cycles, maintenance axitinib will be started.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Progression-free Survival	24 months	Defined as the time from first treatment until objective tumor progression or death from any cause, assessed according to Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Objective Response Rate	every 8 weeks, assessed up to approximately 24 months	Defined as the percentage of evaluable patients showing a complete or partial response (CR or PR) per RECIST v1.1 criteria. CR = disappearance of all lesions. PR = at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter (LD) of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum LD. Stable disease (SD) = neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, taking as reference the smallest (nadir) sum LD since start of treatment.
Time To Progression (TTP)	every 8 weeks, assessed approximately up to 24 months	Defined as the time after a disease is diagnosed (or treated) until worsening of the disease.
Overall Survival (OS)	every 8 weeks until progression then every 3 months for up to 5 years.	Defined as the time from first treatment until death from any cause.
Frequency of Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety	Every 4 weeks plus 30 days during treatment and up to 5 years thereafter.	The frequency of adverse events (AEs) was analyzed in 2 groups of patients, those receiving FOLFOX/bevacizumab (N=70), and patients who received axitinib maintenance (N = 48). AEs were assessed using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) v4.0.

Trial Locations

Locations (12): Nebraska Methodist Hospital
🇺🇸
Omaha, Nebraska, United States
NEA Baptist Clinic
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Jonesboro, Arkansas, United States
Atlantic Health System
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Summit, New Jersey, United States
Tennessee Oncology
🇺🇸
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Woodlands Medical Specialists
🇺🇸
Pensacola, Florida, United States
Florida Cancer Specialists-North
🇺🇸
Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States
Florida Cancer Specialists-South
🇺🇸
Fort Myers, Florida, United States
Northeast Georgia Medical Center
🇺🇸
Gainesville, Georgia, United States
Oncology Hematology of SW Indiana
🇺🇸
Newburgh, Indiana, United States
Hope Cancer Center
🇺🇸
Terre Haute, Indiana, United States
Grand Rapids Oncology Program
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Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States
Texas Health Physician Group
🇺🇸
Dallas, Texas, United States