Cervical Electrical Stimulation for ALS

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
• Interventions: Device: CES at rest; Device: CES plus active hand or wrist movements

• Registration Number: NCT03411863
• Lead Sponsor: VA Office of Research and Development

Brief Summary

Veterans are at higher risk than non-Veterans of falling ill with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS causes degeneration of motor neurons in both the brain and the spinal cord. Evidence from studies in people with spinal cord injury suggests that activating spared nerve circuits with electromagnetic stimulation improves nerve transmission.

With this goal, the investigators have developed a novel method of noninvasive cervical (neck) electrical stimulation (CES). In this study, the investigators will investigate CES for its potential to strengthen nerve circuits to the hands in ALS.

To the investigators' knowledge, electrical spinal stimulation for ALS has never been tested previously. This study will be performed in two stages: First, basic experiments will be performed to better understand how CES interacts with other types of electrical and magnetic stimulations over the brain and peripheral nerves. Second, experiments will be performed to determine the types of CES that can facilitate active arm and hand movements.

These experiments will improve understanding of electrical stimulation in ALS, and may set the table for future treatments.

Both United States Veterans and non-Veterans are eligible to participate in this study.

Detailed Description

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) reduces connections between the cortical motor neurons that initiate movement and the spinal motor neurons that direct muscles to execute movement. This situation shares many key features with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). Accumulating evidence in SCI suggests that externally activating spared nerve circuits with electromagnetic stimulation augments neural transmission.

With this goal, the investigators developed a novel method of noninvasive cervical electrical stimulation (CES). CES activates multiple muscles on both upper limbs by triggering afferent sensory or efferent motor nerve roots depending on stimulus intensity. This study will investigate CES for its potential to strengthen residual circuits to the hands in ALS.

To the investigators' knowledge, electrical spinal stimulation for ALS has never been tested or applied previously. Therefore, a pilot study is essential. This study will be performed in two stages:

1. Map CES circuit and synaptic targets: The experiments share a common structure comprising conditioning and test stimuli delivered at a range of intensities, sites, and interstimulus intervals.

2. Determine parameters for combining CES with volitional movement: volitional limb movements depend on the same corticospinal and motor neuron circuits as those activated by TMS and F-waves. Since preliminary data shows that subthreshold CES facilitates transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) responses, CES may also be able to facilitate volitional limb movements.

Successful completion of these experiments will: mechanistically elucidate CES circuit interactions; investigate the potential for CES to enhance concurrent volitional muscle activation; and establish CES as safe and feasible in the ALS population. Given the limited treatment options for ALS, any amount of progress would represent a meaningful step forward. Moreover, results of this pilot study could lead to direct translation for lasting clinical benefit by combining repetitive subthreshold CES with repetitive task-oriented physical exercise training in subsequent studies. CES would be compatible with other interventions, including medications and cell-based treatments.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2018-01-04
• Study First Submitted: 2018-01-05
• Study First Submitted QC: 2018-01-19
• Study First Posted: 2018-01-26
• Primary Completion: 2021-06-01
• Study Completion: 2021-06-01
• Results First Submitted: 2022-05-31
• Status Verified: 2022-09
• Results First Submitted QC: 2022-09-26
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-09-26
• Results First Posted: 2022-10-25
• Last Update Posted: 2022-10-25

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 19

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

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Exclusion Criteria

(Participants without neurological disease)

• History of other serious injury or disease of central or peripheral nervous system

• History of seizures

• Ventilator dependence or patent tracheostomy site

• Use of medications that significantly lower seizure threshold

• History of head trauma with evidence of brain contusion or hemorrhage or depressed skull fracture on prior imaging

• History of implanted:

  • brain/spine/nerve stimulators
  • aneurysm clips
  • ferromagnetic metallic implants
  • or cardiac pacemaker/defibrillator

• Significant coronary artery or cardiac conduction disease

• History of bipolar disorder or suicide attempt or active psychosis

• Heavy alcohol consumption (> equivalent of 5 oz of liquor) within previous 48 hours

• Open skin lesions over the face, neck, shoulders, or arms

• Pregnancy

• Unsuitable for study participation as determined by study physician

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Participants without neurological disease	CES plus active hand or wrist movements	Participants without neurological disease. All subjects undergo the same full protocol.
Participants with ALS	CES at rest	Participants with ALS. All subjects undergo the same full protocol.
Participants with ALS	CES plus active hand or wrist movements	Participants with ALS. All subjects undergo the same full protocol.
Participants without neurological disease	CES at rest	Participants without neurological disease. All subjects undergo the same full protocol.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Electromyographic (EMG) Responses (Rest)	up to 1 day	These results are derived from peak-to-peak EMG amplitude in the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Values represent the ratio of peak-to-peak APB amplitude when TMS is paired with cervical electrical stimulation (CES) at the indicated timing (in milliseconds) normalized to the response to TMS alone (control).
Electromyographic Responses (Active)	up to 1 day	Effect of CES on concurrent finger or wrist active movements will be measured via root-mean-square of ongoing muscle activity in various hand and forearm muscles.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY; 🇺🇸 Bronx, New York, United States