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The Microbiome as a Target for Precision Medicine in Atherosclerosis

Completed
Conditions
Acute Coronary Syndrome
Atherosclerosis
Interventions
Procedure: Assessment of the atherosclerotic plaque in a moderate lession.
Genetic: Gene variants in atherosclerosis
Other: Microbiota analysis
Other: Immunological analysis
Other: Clinical evaluation
Registration Number
NCT03434483
Lead Sponsor
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon
Brief Summary

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in industrialized countries. Among them, atherosclerosis has the highest prevalence and constitutes a common pathological pathway responsible for the majority of cases of chronic ischemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure and cerebrovascular disease. Classic studies have confirmed well-established etiopathogenic factors of atherosclerosis based on genetic and immunological components and environmental modifying agents such as diet and exercise. But in addition, recent experimental studies have shown that dysbiosis (alteration of the microbiota) may be an additional factor that participates in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. The objective of this study is to identify the potential interactions between changes in the microbiota, changes in the immune status, the clinical evolution and the instability and progression of atherosclerosis.

Detailed Description

The study will prospectively study two groups of patients : 1) patients with acute coronary syndrome and 2) age and sex matched patients with chronic stable documented atherosclerosis.

Immune cell populations and immune-related metabolites will be characterized, the genetic profile of the main known functional variants will be determined, and the oral, gastrointestinal, and blood microbiota will be compared in both groups in a transversal observational design.

In addition, 1-year clinical follow-up will be performed and correlation with the evolution of the microbiota and immune response in a longitudinal design will be conducted.

Besides, an angiographic substudy, for those patients included in the study but that require revascularization of culprit artery according to clinical indication, will be 1 year follow-up and functional assessment and intravascular imaging and the degree of remodelling of the atherosclerotic plaque will be correlated with the evolution of the microbiota and immune response in a longitudinal design.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
156
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
ACS-Angiographic substudyMicrobiota analysisPatients included in the Acute Coronary Syndrome group with clinical indication for revascularization. Clinical evaluation. Assessment of the atherosclerotic plaque in a moderate lession at baseline and 1-year . Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis
ACS-Angiographic substudyAssessment of the atherosclerotic plaque in a moderate lession.Patients included in the Acute Coronary Syndrome group with clinical indication for revascularization. Clinical evaluation. Assessment of the atherosclerotic plaque in a moderate lession at baseline and 1-year . Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis
ACS-Angiographic substudyGene variants in atherosclerosisPatients included in the Acute Coronary Syndrome group with clinical indication for revascularization. Clinical evaluation. Assessment of the atherosclerotic plaque in a moderate lession at baseline and 1-year . Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis
Chronic coronary atherosclerosisImmunological analysisPatients with chronic atherosclerosis. Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis.
Acute Coronary SyndromeClinical evaluationPatients with an episode of acute coronary syndrome. Clinical evaluation 1 year. Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis.
Chronic coronary atherosclerosisMicrobiota analysisPatients with chronic atherosclerosis. Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis.
Acute Coronary SyndromeGene variants in atherosclerosisPatients with an episode of acute coronary syndrome. Clinical evaluation 1 year. Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis.
Chronic coronary atherosclerosisClinical evaluationPatients with chronic atherosclerosis. Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis.
Acute Coronary SyndromeMicrobiota analysisPatients with an episode of acute coronary syndrome. Clinical evaluation 1 year. Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis.
Acute Coronary SyndromeImmunological analysisPatients with an episode of acute coronary syndrome. Clinical evaluation 1 year. Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis.
ACS-Angiographic substudyClinical evaluationPatients included in the Acute Coronary Syndrome group with clinical indication for revascularization. Clinical evaluation. Assessment of the atherosclerotic plaque in a moderate lession at baseline and 1-year . Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis
ACS-Angiographic substudyImmunological analysisPatients included in the Acute Coronary Syndrome group with clinical indication for revascularization. Clinical evaluation. Assessment of the atherosclerotic plaque in a moderate lession at baseline and 1-year . Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis
Chronic coronary atherosclerosisGene variants in atherosclerosisPatients with chronic atherosclerosis. Gene variants in atherosclerosis. Microbiota analysis. Immunological analysis.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change from baseline in clinical evaluation at 12 monthsInclusion, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Cardiac events register including hemostasis and biochemical determinations

Change from baseline in fibrous cap thickness at 12 monthsInclusion and 12 months

Angiographic substudy-Change from baseline in the thickness of the fibrous cap (μm) of an atherosclerotic plaque in the nonculprit vessel as measured using optical coherence tomography

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Oral microbiota composition changes 16SInclusion, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Changes from baseline in oral microbiota will be analysed using the 16S rRNA target gene sequencing approach at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Endothelial dysfunctionInclusion and 12 months

Angiographic substudy-Micro and macrovascular endothelial function measured using a Doppler pressure guidewire

Intestinal microbiota composition changes metagenomeInclusion, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Changes from baseline in intestinal microbiota will be analysed using the metagenome sequencing approach at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Blood microbiota composition changes metagenomeInclusion, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Changes from baseline in blood microbiota will be analysed using the metagenome sequencing approach at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Intestinal microbiota composition changes 16SInclusion, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Changes from baseline in intestinal microbiota will be analysed using the 16S rRNA target gene sequencing approach at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Oral microbiota composition changes metagenomeInclusion, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Changes from baseline in oral microbiota will be analysed using the genome sequencing approach at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Adaptive immune system status changesInclusion, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Changes from baseline of adaptive immune cell lineages will be assessed dynamically using high performance cytometry at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Blood microbiota composition changes 16SInclusion, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Changes from baseline in blood microbiota will be analysed using the 16S rRNA target gene sequencing approach at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Innate immune system status changesInclusion, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Changes from baseline of innate immune cell lineages will be assessed dynamically using high performance cytometry at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

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