Neuropathic Pain After Orchidectomy and Sex Reassignment Surgery

Completed

Conditions: Neuropathic Pain
Sex Reassignment Surgery
Phantom Pain

Interventions: Behavioral: pain after surgery

Registration Number: NCT04538170

Lead Sponsor: University Hospital Tuebingen

Brief Summary: Phantom pain is associated with cortical reorganization after amputation. This phenomenon should not play a role in transsexual women, since the cortical representation of the male sex organs is presumably altered. The study investigates the incidence of phantom pain in this patient population.

For this study the following question should be investigated:

Is the incidence of phantom pain and local chronic postsurgical pain lower in sex reassignment surgery from male to female compared to inguinal tumor orchidectomy?

Detailed Description: Phantom pain is a common and much studied phenomenon after amputation.The loss of visceral organs is also associated with phantom pain. Under entirely different conditions than the removal of a tumorous testicle, sex reassignment surgery from male to female sex occurs in transsexual women. In this operation, parts of the penis and both testicles are removed and a plastic surgical transformation is made into a female genital.The surgical trauma is greater compared to an orchidectomy.

The sex reassignment surgery is expressly desired, the amputated tissues are rejected or perceived as not belonging to the patient's own body and thus do not appear as a loss. The group of patients with tumor orchidectomy acts as a control group.

In addition to the incidence of phantom pain and chronic local postoperative pain in comparison between the two groups, the secondary objectives of the study were defined as the occurrence of phantom pain, the type of pain and the intensity of pain.

Two patient groups were compared, the group after sex reassignment surgery (GAC) and the group after inguinal orchidectomy for testicular tumor (ORC).

A total of 265 transgender women were written to, 46 of whom had undergone surgery in Tübingen and 219 in Munich. The operations took place between 2002 and 2014.

For the group of patients after orchidectomy, 158 men who had undergone surgery in Tuebingen between 2010 and 2014 were contacted by letter.

The pseudonymization was done with a combination of letters and numbers, which were created with a key generator program.

The patients received a questionnaire divided into several categories, these categories were questions on demography, pre- and postoperative pain as well as phantom pain, pain processing, quality of life, sex life and urological questions.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 423

Inclusion Criteria

Surgery at least 6 month before data collection
german speaking

Exclusion Criteria

Study & Design

Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL

Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
ORC	pain after surgery	Group orchidectomy following cancer
GAC	pain after surgery	Group sex reassignment surgery

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Incidence of Phantom Pain	a minimum of 6 month post-surgery up to 5 years postsurgery	Number of patients with phantom pain of testis

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Incidence of Chronic Postoperative Pain	a minimum of 6 month post-surgery up to 5 years postsurgery	Number of patients with chronic pain after surgery and differences between the two groups
Functional Outcome	a minimum of 6 month post-surgery up to 5 years postsurgery	Number of Participants with Incontinence, Difficult Urination, Stenosis of Urethra, Spraying of Urine and/or Corrective Surgery"