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REMAP ECMO - Beta Receptor Modulation Trial

Phase 2
Recruiting
Conditions
Cardiogenic Shock
Heart Failure
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT06522594
Lead Sponsor
Erasmus Medical Center
Brief Summary

In this phase 2, single center, randomized clinical pilot trial, investigators will study the effect of a strategy involving a reduction of beta receptor (BR) stimulation (by decreasing dobutamine dosages) and subsequent BR inhibition (through ultra-short acting betablockers), versus a (routine) strategy with continued BR stimulation through dobutamine infusion, on heart rate in patients with cardiogenic shock due to left- or bi-ventricular failure being supported by V-A ECMO.

Detailed Description

Despite the great benefits of Venoarterial ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (V-A ECMO) and its rapidly increasing usage, even today, 30 till 70 percent of patients cannot be weaned from ECMO support and up to 50 percent of patients will eventually die in the first year. These high incidences of mortality and failure to wean from V-A ECMO support seem largely attributable to failure of the heart to recover in the context of inotropic drug administration and high sympathetic drive due to severe illness (further stressing an already failing heart). As V-A ECMO support creates a "safety window" where organ perfusion no longer relies on native cardiac output, therapeutic focus could be shifted to cardioprotective treatments. Cardioprotective treatments typically include beta blockers (BB) which have unequivocally shown benefits on mortality and morbidity in other patient categories with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

The investigators hypothesize that, in selected patients with cardiogenic shock undergoing V-A ECMO support, application of BBs is feasible and safe, and can effectively reduce heart rate.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
20
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age ≥ 18 years,
  • Having received V-A ECMO support for severe circulatory insufficiency due to left- or bi-ventricular failure.
  • ≤ 16 hours after initiation of V-A ECMO support
  • Receiving ≥ 2 mcg/kg/min of dobutamine.
  • Norepinephrine infusion ≤ 0.4 mcg/kg/min
  • Heart rate ≥ 80 bpm (being sinus rhythm, atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter) after V-A ECMO initiation
Exclusion Criteria
  • Objection during the deferred consent procedure

  • V-A ECMO usage confined to the period during surgery or another intervention (the ECMO was removed at the end of the intervention).

  • Concomitant durable Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD)

  • Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia necessitating BB therapy

  • Isolated right ventricular failure (e.g. due to pulmonary embolism)

  • Need of high dose dobutamine > 6.0 mcg/kg/min

  • Epinephrine infusion

  • Signs of insufficient trans cardiac flow:

    • Absence of aortic valve opening
    • Pulse pressure <10 mmHg (with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) standby)
    • Spontaneous contrast in the heart at echocardiography
  • Contraindications for-, intolerance to- or allergy to esmolol

  • Second- or third- degree AV block

  • Pregnancy

  • Life expectancy of less than 24 hours

  • Participation in another randomized clinical trial (e.g. On Scene trial or Left Ventricular unloading trial)

  • Inability to start study treatment within 4 hours after randomization

  • Post heart transplantation patients

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Beta receptor inhibition armEsmololIn the "beta receptor (BR) inhibition arm", patients are randomized to a biphasic strategy where BR stimulation is phased out and esmolol (BR blockade) is initiated in a sequential way. During a first phase, milrinone (a phosphodiesterase inhibitor which is routinely used in V-A ECMO supported patients) infusion will be initiated (if not already being given) at 0.25 mcg/kg/min and dobutamine dosages will be decreased every hour and eventually stopped according to the following sequence; 6 - 4 - 2 - 1 - 0 mcg/kg/min. In a second phase, esmolol is initiated with a dosage of 25 mcg/kg/min. The dose of the BB will be increased with increments of 25 mcg/kg/min every hour until reaching a heart rate between 50 and 70 bpm or a maximum dose of 200 mcg/kg/min. Prior to each dosage escalation, a reassessment of the hemodynamic situation will be done. The BR inhibition strategy will be continued until 48 hours after randomization or earlier when deemed necessary by the treating physician.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change (delta) in heart rate 24 hours after randomization.24 hours after randomization

The average heart rate on basis of all observations during 5 minutes at both time points (t=0 and t=24h).

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Myocardial oxygen consumptionAt 24 and 48 hours after randomization

Estimated by calculating the pressure volume (PV) area on basis of non-invasive PV loop assessments using echocardiography and pulmonary artery catheter measurements

Vasopressor scoreat baseline, 24 and 48 hours

using the calculation as described in literature, excluding inotropic medication

Stroke volume indexat baseline, 24 and 48 hours

Pulmonary arterial catheter parameter

Maximum median dosages of esmololafter 48 hours
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE).at baseline, 24 and 48 hours

Echocardiography parameters

Left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT VTI)at baseline, 24 and 48 hours

Echocardiography parameters

Lactate levelat baseline, 24 and 48 hours
Plasma NT-proBNP levelsAt baseline and 48 hours after randomization

Biomarker for cardiac stretch

Plasma Creatine Kinase MB levelsAt baseline and 48 hours after randomization

Biomarker for cardiac injury

Plasma metanephrine levelsAt baseline and 24 after randomization
Plasma normetanephrines levelsAt baseline and 24 after randomization
Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) levelAt 24 and 48 hours after randomization
Percentage of patients having received esmololafter 48 hours
Occurrence of new onset ventricular and/or atrial arrhythmias after randomizationduring the first 48 hours
Cardiac outputat baseline, 24 and 48 hours

Pulmonary arterial catheter parameter

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressureat baseline, 24 and 48 hours

Pulmonary arterial catheter parameter

TroponinAt 24 and 48 hours after randomization

measured at baseline, 24- and 48- hours after randomization, and Area Under the Curve (AUC)

Central venous pressureat baseline, 24 and 48 hours

Pulmonary arterial catheter parameter

Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2)at baseline, 24 and 48 hours

Pulmonary arterial catheter parameter

FiO2 suppletionAt 24 and 48 hours after randomization
Ejection fraction (EF)at baseline, 24 and 48 hours

Echocardiography parameters

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Erasmus Medical Center

🇳🇱

Rotterdam, Zuid Holland, Netherlands

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