Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Standard of Care in Total Knee Surgery

Not Applicable

Completed

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether liposomal bupivacaine is effective in the management of pain following total knee arthroplasty, as compared to standard of care analgesia.

Detailed Description: Liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel®) is a local anesthetic made up of liposomal encapsulated bupivacaine. It is designed to be injected at the time of surgery into the local soft tissues. Because of its unique liposomal delivery system, Liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel®) has been shown to provide up to 96 hours of pain relief following surgeries. This makes it an attractive option in total knee arthroplasty patients. Combined with the proven efficacy of regional anesthesia, intraoperative liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel®) may provide extended pain relief following total knee arthroplasty. This has the potential to avoid the need for opioid medications. With better pain control, medication side effects can be avoided and patient's length of stay in the hospital can be shortened.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

At least 18 years of age
Scheduled to undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed by the principal investigator

Exclusion Criteria

Age <18 years
Pregnant or breastfeeding
Non-English-speaking
Unable to give informed consent
Patients admitted from or discharged to a medical facility (due to likelihood of limited mobility and/or required minimum lengths of stay, confounding primary outcome), including other hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, long-term acute care hospitals, etc.
Patients unable to complete a device-assisted 140 foot walk at baseline
Patients with contraindication(s) to any bupivacaine or ropivacaine formulation, to nerve blocks or any of the local agents used (IV morphine, ketorolac, or methylprednisolone).
Patients on a long-acting maintenance opioid prior to admission for surgery (e.g., methadone, oxycontin)
Patients undergoing simultaneous bilateral TKAs, as this would increase the dose of Exparel per patient (we are limited to one dose per patient)

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Liposomal Bupivacaine	Liposomal bupivacaine	Pre-operative adductor canal nerve block (20mL of 0.5% ropivacaine). Liposomal bupivacaine (diluted to 60mL): 20mL into the posterior pocket, 20mL into the lateral, and 20mL into the medial, including all deep and superficial tissues of these areas.
Standard of Care	Standard of Care	Pre-operative adductor canal nerve block (20mL of 0.5% ropivacaine). Intra-operative popliteal nerve block from the surgeon: 20mL 0.2% ropivacaine and a peri-articular injection of 10mg morphine, 30mg ketorolac and 40mg methylprednisolone.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number Physical Therapy Sessions Necessary for Discharge	Participants will be followed for the duration of their hospital stay, an expected average of 2.5 days.	Number of physical therapy (PT) sessions necessary for discharge. A significant decrease in the number of sessions will be defined as ≥ 2. Typically, there are 2 sessions per day, with each patient completing an average of 4-5 sessions during their admission.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Pain Scores During Hospital Stay	Participants will be followed for the duration of their hospital stay, an expected average of 2.5 days.	VAS was measured using a scale that ranged from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate more pain, or a worse outcome. Patients had pain measured a variable number of times following surgery before discharge. Mean VAS score during the hospital stay for each patient was calculated
Length of Stay (LOS, in Days)	Participants will be followed for the duration of their hospital stay, an expected average of 2.5 days.
Opioid Consumption in Oral Morphine Equivalents (OMEs, in Milligrams)	Participants will be followed for the duration of their hospital stay, an expected average of 2.5 days.
Number of Participants With Opioid-related Adverse Events (ORAEs) During Hospital Stay	Participants will be followed for the duration of their hospital stay, an expected average of 2.5 days.	1. Nausea 2. Vomiting 3. Constipation 4. Ileus 5. Pruritus 6. Respiratory depression 7. Over-sedation
Total Cost of Care (Dollars)	Participants will be followed for the duration of their hospital stay, an expected average of 2.5 days.
Hospital Readmission Not Including Admissions Planned Procedures	Participants will be followed for 30 days after leaving the hospital.

Locations (1): OhioHealth Grant Medical Center Bone and Joint Center
🇺🇸
Columbus, Ohio, United States
OhioHealth Grant Medical Center Bone and Joint Center
🇺🇸Columbus, Ohio, United States