Objective Verification of Physiologic Changes During Accommodation Under Binocular, Monocular, and Pinhole Conditions

Completed

• Conditions: Accommodation

• Registration Number: NCT03557346
• Lead Sponsor: Chung-Ang University Hosptial, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine

Brief Summary

The investigators believe that this simple, clear, and objective study may be a great help in understanding the accommodative response during various accommodative stimulation conditions.

Detailed Description

The purpose in this study was to investigate physiological changes in accommodative power, pupil diameter, astigmatic value, and axis when visual stimuli were applied under binocular, monocular (dominant eye, non-dominant eye, ipsilateral, and contralateral), and pinhole conditions using the WAM-5500 binocular autorefractor/keratometer (Grand Seiko Co. Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan).

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2017-01-02
• Primary Completion: 2017-03-31
• Study Completion: 2017-03-31
• Study First Submitted: 2018-05-22
• Status Verified: 2018-06
• Study First Submitted QC: 2018-06-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2018-06-04
• Study First Posted: 2018-06-15
• Last Update Posted: 2018-06-15

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 64

Inclusion Criteria

1. age between 20 and 40 years
2. spherical equivalent (SE) within ± 4.0 diopters (D)
3. correctable distant and near visual acuity by glasses to 20/20
4. normal ocular alignment.

Exclusion Criteria

1. disturbance of accommodation (e.g., Adie's pupil, Parkinson's disease, accommodative esotropia, accommodative spasm, presbyopia)
2. disorders that can affect accommodation (e.g., history of ocular trauma, previous ocular surgery)
3. disorders that might limit testing accuracy (e.g., corneal pathological features, cataract, glaucoma, vitreous opacity, and retinal abnormalities).

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Accommodative power	Subjects performed this examination while being under binocular, monocular, and pinhole conditions with one week apart in random order after baseline study	Accommodative powers in diopters were measured using WAM-5500 binocular autorefractor/keratometer
Pupil diameter	Subjects performed this examination while being under binocular, monocular, and pinhole conditions with one week apart in random order after baseline study	Pupil diameters in millimeters were measured using WAM-5500 binocular autorefractor/keratometer
Astigmatic value and axis change	Subjects performed this examination while being under binocular, monocular, and pinhole conditions with one week apart in random order after baseline study	Astigamtic value in diopters and axis change in degrees were measured using WAM-5500 binocular autorefractor/keratometer The spherical equivalent (sphere + 1/2 cylinder) was used to assess the response to refractive stimuli. The principal meridian of the cylinder for 0.25D refractive stimulus was set to the baseline axis. For 2D, 3D, and 4D refractive stimuli, vertical movement was determined when the baseline meridian moved to the 90' axis, and it was considered horizontal movement when it moved to the 0' or 180' axis.