Effect Yoga in Addition to TENS on Diabetic Glaucoma

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is maintained by a balance between aqueous production and outflow with an imbalance leading to elevated eye pressure. Very high levels of IOP will subject retinal cells to mechanical stress. In addition to mechanical injury, IOP elevation can impair ocular blood flow reducing perfusion pressure to retinal neurons. Long-term vascular and mechanical stresses can produce further injury at the optic nerve.

Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) or ocular hypertension (OHT) is the only well-established modifiable risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common form of glaucoma. Glaucoma is a class of optic neuropathy. It is main leading cause of blindness.

Glaucoma is classified on the basis of anatomic features as open angle (where the anterior chamber angle of the eye remains open) and angle-closure (with closure of the anterior chamber angle). Glaucoma is considered primary if the eye has no preexisting disease. Secondary forms of glaucoma are caused by various ocular or systemic diseases such as pigment dispersion syndrome and ocular trauma.

It seems reasonable to consider that a longer duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) with a prolonged insult to the retina and optic nerve via vascular, glial, and neuronal factors would be associated with a higher risk of OAG.