Fasting on Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: HER2-positive Breast Cancer

Interventions: Drug: Doxorubicin
Drug: docetaxel
Drug: cyclophosphamide
Drug: Trastuzumab
Drug: paclitaxel
Drug: Pertuzumab

Registration Number: NCT02379585

Lead Sponsor: Western Regional Medical Center

Brief Summary: This study is to see how safe the use of short-term fasting is in breast cancer patients who will receive chemotherapy before undergoing surgery and to examine if the use of short-term fasting will decrease the side effects of chemotherapy and how much a tumor shrinks while receiving chemotherapy.

Detailed Description: Patients will fast 24 hours before and 24 hours after the administration of chemotherapy which will consist of doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide every 2 weeks for four cycles followed by paclitaxel every 2 weeks for four cycles (dose-dense AC + T) or docetaxel (T) every 3 weeks for four cycles. Trastuzumab (H) and Pertuzumab (P) will be given concurrently with docetaxel for a total of 4 cycles before surgery. For patients who do not achieve pathological complete remission (pCR), adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin (A) plus cyclophosphamide (C) every 3 weeks for four cycles will be given, followed by trastuzumab every 3 weeks to complete 1 year of treatment. For patients with pCR, only trastuzumab every 3 weeks will be given adjuvantly to complete 1 year of treatment (TPH + AC).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: TERMINATED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 8

Inclusion Criteria

Patients ≥ 18 years of age with histologically, and radiographically confirmed non-metastatic breast cancer with minimal tumor size over 1 cm (≥T1c lesion) to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy recommended by the treating physician
For estrogen receptor (ER) strongly positive, human epithelial receptor (HER2) negative breast cancer, Oncotype Dx study is required. Patients with low recurrence score will be excluded in the study.
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score < 1
Absolute neutrophil count > 1500 mm3, platelet count ≥ 100×109 L, hemoglobin ≥ 8.5 g/dL
Serum creatinine ≤1.5 times the upper limit of the normal range, total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 X ULN (≤ 3 mg/dL if clinically diagnosed with Gilbert syndrome) AST/ALT ≤ 2.5 X ULN (AST/ALT ≤ 5X ULN if clinically diagnosed with Gilbert syndrome)
Willing to provide blood samples for correlative research purposes
Women of child-bearing potential (i.e., women who are pre-menopausal or not surgically sterile) must be willing to use an acceptable contraceptive method (abstinence, oral contraceptive or double barrier method) for the duration of the study and for 30 days following the last dose of study drug, and must have a negative urine or serum pregnancy test within 2 weeks prior to beginning treatment on this trial.

Exclusion Criteria

Uncontrolled cardiac disease, such as angina, hypertension or significant arrhythmias, congestive heart failure (NYHA grade 2 or more or LVEF < 40% on any prior assessment). Note: Assessment of LVEF is done before and after anthracycline-based or trastuzumab-based chemotherapy as standard of care
Pregnant or lactating females
Known history of diabetes mellitus. If screening fasting glucose is ≥126 mg/dL, an HbA1C must be < 6.5%.
History of syncope with calorie restriction in the past
Body mass index (BMI) < 19 kg/m2
Clinical signs or symptoms of GI obstruction and/or requirement for parenteral hydration or nutrition
Inability to complete informed consent process and adhere to the protocol treatment plan and follow-up requirements
Concurrent severe illness such as active infection, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit safety and compliance with study requirements
Any other medical comorbidity that requires daily medication(s) that may not be safely taken without food.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
HER2 negative breast cancer	Doxorubicin	Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide every two weeks for four cycles (one cycle is defined as 14 days). After completing fourth cycle, paclitaxel every two weeks for an additional four cycles. The appropriate surgery will be done three to six weeks after completing the last cycle of paclitaxel.
HER2 negative breast cancer	paclitaxel	Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide every two weeks for four cycles (one cycle is defined as 14 days). After completing fourth cycle, paclitaxel every two weeks for an additional four cycles. The appropriate surgery will be done three to six weeks after completing the last cycle of paclitaxel.
HER2 negative breast cancer	cyclophosphamide	Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide every two weeks for four cycles (one cycle is defined as 14 days). After completing fourth cycle, paclitaxel every two weeks for an additional four cycles. The appropriate surgery will be done three to six weeks after completing the last cycle of paclitaxel.
HER2 positive breast cancer	Pertuzumab	Docetaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab every three weeks for four cycles. Pegfilgrastim after docetaxel. Surgery three to six weeks after completing the last docatexel. If additional chemotherapy is needed patients will receive both doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide every three weeks for four cycles and after the fourth cycle then trastuzumab for one year
HER2 positive breast cancer	Trastuzumab	Docetaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab every three weeks for four cycles. Pegfilgrastim after docetaxel. Surgery three to six weeks after completing the last docatexel. If additional chemotherapy is needed patients will receive both doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide every three weeks for four cycles and after the fourth cycle then trastuzumab for one year
HER2 positive breast cancer	docetaxel	Docetaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab every three weeks for four cycles. Pegfilgrastim after docetaxel. Surgery three to six weeks after completing the last docatexel. If additional chemotherapy is needed patients will receive both doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide every three weeks for four cycles and after the fourth cycle then trastuzumab for one year

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Pathological Response Rate at the Time of Surgery or at the Time of Biopsy	4-6 cycles (up to 12 weeks)	Evaluate pathological complete remission rate at the time of surgery, or partial pathological response rate (defined as residual invasive disease of 1cm) at the time of surgery or at the time of biopsy upon completion of planned chemotherapy.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Fasting on the Toxicity of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapyaccording to the NCI	4-6 cycles (up to 12 weeks)	The effect of short-term fasting on the toxicity of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients according to the NCI common toxicity criteria (Version 4.03)
Pathological Response Rate at the Time of Surgery or Time of Biopsy Upon Completion of Planned Chemotherapy	4-6 cycles	To evaluate pathological complete remission rate (defined as disappearance of all invasive tumor in the breast; ypT0-is) at the time of surgery, or partial pathological response rate (defined as residual invasive disease of 1cm, ypT1a-b) at the time of surgery or at the time of biopsy upon completion of planned chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer.
Insulin Abnormalities	4-6 cycles (up to 12 weeks)	Changes in plasma insulin abnormalities after short-term fasting and chemotherapy
Biomarker Changes Before and After Chemotherapy	4-6 cycles (up to 12 weeks)	Biomarker changes in breast cancer (biopsy or residual tumor) before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Nutritional Assessment Before and After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy	4-6 cycles (up to 12 weeks)	Nutritional status assessment with Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (aPG-SGA) before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Glucose After Fasting and Chemotherapy	4-6 cycles (up to 12 weeks)	To investigate changes in glucose after short-term fasting and chemotherapy
Changes in Insulin-like Growth Factor-1	4-6 cycles (up to 12 weeks)	To investigate changes in Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) after short-term fasting and chemotherapy
Plasma Blood-based Tumor-related Abnormalities in DNA	4-6 cycles (up to 12 weeks)	To investigate changes in plasma blood-based tumor-related abnormalities in DNA after short-term fasting and chemotherapy