HIV-1 Non-group M in Cameroon : Study of Genotypic and Phylogenetic Diversity (OBSOCAM)

Not yet recruiting

• Conditions: HIV Infection

• Registration Number: NCT06913959
• Lead Sponsor: ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases

Brief Summary

The aim of the study is to study the genotypic characteristics of HIV-1 non-M circulating in the whole Cameroon and their genetic evolution.

Detailed Description

HIV-1 is divided four distinct groups: M (major) which represents the pandemic strains while others groups O (outlier), N (non M, non O) and P are called non-M variants. Group O (HIV-O) is more divergent, endemic in Central Africa and Cameroon, where it represents about 1% of HIV infections. These variants are characterized by an important genetic divergence from pandemic HIV-1 group M (HIV-M), which impacts on the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of infected patients. Although discovered in 1990, and emerged at the same time as HIV-M, no data of epidemiology, natural history and evolution of the genetic diversity of these variants is currently available. The few knowledge available to date come from sporadic cases, mainly through studies in Yaoundé. It is therefore essential to improve current knowledge on these variants and their consequences on infected patients.

The aim of the study is to study the genotypic characteristics of HIV-1 non-M circulating in the whole Cameroon and their genetic evolution.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2025-03-31
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-03-31
• Status Verified: 2025-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-04-04
• Study First Posted: 2025-04-06
• Last Update Posted: 2025-04-08
• Study Start: 2025-06-30
• Primary Completion: 2027-07-01
• Study Completion: 2027-07-01

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 220

Inclusion Criteria

• All available samples tested positive for HIV during the national Health survey of Cameroon in 2011 And 2018
• All Individuals who came to Centre Pasteur in Yaoundé or Garoua for HIV screening or viral load monitoring.

Exclusion Criteria

• Insufficient quantity or degraded Dried Blood Spot samples
• All HIV-positive individuals aged less than 21 years, infected with a Group M HIV-1 virus, or those who refused to participate in the study

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Prevalence of non-M HIV-1 in Cameroon	1 day	Number of participants infected with non-M HIV-1 included compared to the total expected number of inclusions

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Investigate the current molecular epidemiology of resistance in non-M HIV-1 variants in Cameroon	1 Day	Proportion of non-M HIV-1 samples characterized genotypically among the samples collected from participants included in the project