Socket Preservation with and without eggshell derived nanohydroxyapatite and Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in Mandible: A Comparative Study

Socket grafting is vital to prevent bone resorption. Remodeling of alveolar bone is a continuous process in physiology andpathology, but alveolar bone is essential for the replacement of teeth. Asystemic review of dimensional changes of the alveolar bone followingextraction showed a mean reduction of 3.8 mm in width and 1.24 mm of height inthe first six months after extraction. Replacement of missing teeth is essential, butwithout the support of adequate healthy alveolar bone, teeth replacement isdifficult. Socket preservation attempts are therefore made tomaintain bone to enable patients to have implant supported prosthesis in the futurewithout the requirement for additional surgical procedures for augmentation. Socket preservation has been performed using different materials withvarying success rates. Materials used for grafting include autogenousbone, allograft, xenograft, and alloplasts, among others. Various membranes have been used for wound closure, includingpolytetrafluoroethylene and bovine and porcine collagen matrices. Graft materials enhance bone formation by promoting osteoconduction,osteoinduction, and osteogenesis. However, no graft material to date isconsidered ideal. Recently, nanohydroxyapatite derived from chicken eggshell(nHA) was developed and used as an innovative graft material for bone regenerationpurposes, but only few of these previous studies have evaluated the performanceof nHA and a platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane in socket preservation