TMS Enhancement of Visual Plasticity in Schizophrenia

Not Applicable

Terminated

• Conditions: Schizophrenia
• Interventions: Device: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

• Registration Number: NCT03220438
• Lead Sponsor: University of Maryland, Baltimore

Brief Summary

The major goal is to determine if Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) enhances visual plasticity in schizophrenia. TMS sessions (sham/placebo and real TMS) will be conducted before two MRI scans with two weeks in-between to assess whether TMS stimulation to the visual cortex will enhance visual plasticity in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. This project may provide a better understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms responsible for learning and memory deficits in schizophrenia.

Detailed Description

Learning and memory impairments are commonly observed in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Alterations in "long-term potentiation" (LTP), a basic mechanism underlying learning and memory, may explain this impairment. This project will assess fMRI visual plasticity, thought to reflect LTP, in participants with and without schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Previous studies have shown that visual plasticity is impaired in schizophrenia. The major goal is to determine if Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) enhances visual plasticity in schizophrenia. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) provides a non-invasive means for altering brain electrical neural activity. TMS sessions (sham/placebo and real TMS) will be conducted before two MRI scans with two weeks in-between to assess whether TMS stimulation to the visual cortex will enhance visual plasticity in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. This project may provide a better understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms responsible for learning and memory deficits in schizophrenia.

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2017-07-14
• Study First Submitted QC: 2017-07-17
• Study First Posted: 2017-07-18
• Study Start: 2017-09-27
• Primary Completion: 2019-07-16
• Study Completion: 2019-07-16
• Status Verified: 2021-09
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-09-01
• Last Update Posted: 2021-09-02

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: TERMINATED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 17

Inclusion Criteria

1. age: 18-65,
2. no neurological illness, head trauma, or major medical illness,
3. not pregnant or nursing,
4. no contraindication for TMS or MRI scanning,
5. no current substance abuse/dependence.

Healthy controls will have no DSM-5 diagnosis and no first-degree relatives with a psychotic disorder.

Inclusion criteria for patients includes:

1. DSM-5 diagnosis of schizophreniform, schizophrenia or schizoaffective and competent to sign an informed consent,
2. not currently taking other medications that affects brain structure (e.g. steroids),
3. less than 12 months antipsychotic exposure and on the same psychotropic medications for 4 weeks prior to study,
4. not be taking clozapine (due to its effects on NMDA receptors and increase of seizure threshold),
5. clinically stable (i.e. no change in psychotic symptoms for at least 4 weeks).

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Exclusion Criteria

1. age outside of 18-65,
2. neurological illness, head trauma, or major medical illness,
3. pregnant or nursing,
4. contraindication for TMS or MRI scanning,
5. current substance abuse/dependence,
6. currently taking medications that affects brain structure (e.g. steroids).

Healthy controls with a DSM-5 diagnosis and/or a first-degree relative with a psychotic disorder. Participants with schizophrenia that are not competent to sign an informed consent, have more than 12 months antipsychotic exposure, not on the same psychotropic medications for 4 weeks prior to study, taking clozapine, and not clinically stable (i.e.a change in psychotic symptoms for at least 4 weeks).

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
TMS	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation	rTMS
Sham TMS	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation	A sham coil will be used. This condition controls for the auditory artifacts induced by rTMS.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
fMRI BOLD response of visual plasticity	4 hours	fMRI BOLD response of visual plasticity

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
MRS assessment of glutamate	4 hours	occipital cortical glutamate levels

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Maryland; 🇺🇸 Baltimore, Maryland, United States