Gender identity, sex hormones & the developing brai

Completed

Conditions: gender dysphoria
gender identity disorder
10040480

Registration Number: NL-OMON39814

Lead Sponsor: Vrije Universiteit Medisch Centrum

Brief Summary: Not available

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Completed

Sex: Not specified

Target Recruitment: 240

Inclusion Criteria

Children
• Patients
- DSM-IV-TR diagnosis Gender Identity Disorder
- 1st measurement: puberty must not yet been reached. Children have to be maximally in Tanner stage 1.
- 2nd measurement: children have to have entered puberty yet. They have to be at least in Tanner stage 2-3.
- Right-handedness

• Controls
- 1st measurement: puberty must not yet been reached. Children have to be maximally in Tanner stage 1.
- 2nd measurement: children have to have entered puberty yet. They have to be at least in Tanner stage 2-3.
- Right-handedness;Adolescents
• Patients
- DSM-IV-TR diagnosis Gender Identity Disorder
- 1st measurement: patients receive a GnRH-agonist in order to suppress puberty.
- 2nd measurement: patients receive cross-sex hormone treatment
- Right-handedness;• Controls
- Adolescents match in terms of age, sex and educational level with the patient group
- Right-handedness

Adults
• Patients
- DSM-IV-TR diagnosis Gender Identity Disorder
- two measurements: 1) oto-acoustic emissions (OAE), 2) 2D:4D ratios

Exclusion Criteria

all subjects:
- Mental retardation (IQ < 70)
- Any kind of hormone therapy intervention
- Anosmia or hyposmia
- Hearing impairment
- MRI contra indications (e.g. a personal of family history of epileptic seizures, past neurosurgical procedures, intracerebral or pacemaker implants, inner ear prothesis or other metal prosthetics/implants, claustrophobia, neurological disorders, severe head trauma, severe behavioural disorders, substance abuse);Patients:
- Co-morbidity, any kind of psychiatric and/or neurological disorders
Controls:
- DSM-IV diagnosis Gender Identity Disorder
- Any kind of psychiatric and/or neurological disorders

Study & Design

Study Type: Observational non invasive

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>The main study parameter is the Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) response in<br /><br>the fMRI tasks.<br /><br>In the adult participants, the main study parameters are the OAEs and the 2D:4D<br /><br>ratios.</p><br>

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>Secondary outcome measures are the neuropsychological test parameters, the<br /><br>otoacoustic emission data, self-report data, and hormone level assessments. </p><br>