Clinical Evaluation of Effectiveness of Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Terminalia Arjuna Plant Extract as Photocatalyst in Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in the Management of Chronic Periodontitis – A Randomized Control Trial

Aims and Objective:

To clinically evaluate the effectiveness Silver nanoparticles derived from Terminalia Arjuna plant extract as photocatalyst in photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in chronic periodontitis patient by Evaluation of plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss.

Introduction:

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the gums that destroys the foundation on which teeth rest. Deterioration of periodontal ligaments (PDLs), the development of periodontal pockets, and the resorption of alveolar bone are hallmarks. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a form of phototherapy involving photochemistry, photophysics, and photobiology. In the past few years, therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs), as a developing engineering solution for treating periodontitis, have received extensive attention. NPs possess distinct therapeutic qualities, including exceptional antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, immunomodulatory capacities, and the promotion of bone regeneration ability. Silver NPs (AgNPs) with a size of less than 100 nm and a uniform spherical shape have high and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

The purpose of this study is to Clinically Evaluate the Effectiveness of Silver Nanoparticles derived from Terminalia Arjuna plant extract as Photocatalyst in Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in the Management of Chronic Periodontitis – A Randomized Control Trial”

Material and Methods:

The patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be divided into two groups using Computer assisted randomization – Group A and Group B

A) Group A: Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) with photodynamic therapy

B) Group B: Scaling and Root planing (SRP) with Photodynamic therapy with silver nanoparticles derived from Terminalia Arjuna plant extract.

Scaling and Root planing (SRP) will be done using Ultrasonic Scaler

Procedure:

Following initial examination and treatment planning, the subjects will be divided into Groups A and B. The baseline details of Gingival, Plaque, Pocket Probing depth, Clinical Attachment level will be noted. After initial examination both the groups will be treated by scaling and root planning followed by photodynamic therapy.

Data collected will be compiled on to a MS Office excel worksheet & will be subjected to statistical analysis using an appropriate package like SPSS software.

Normality of numerical data will be checked using Shapiro – Wilk test or Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Depending on the normality of data, statistical tests will be determined.

For a numerical continuous data following a normal distribution, inter group comparison (2 groups) will be done using t test, else a non parametric substitute like Mann Whitney U test will be used.

Descriptive statistics like frequency (n) & percentage (%) of categorical data, mean & Standard deviation of numerical data in each group will be depicted & may be compared using chi square test.

Intra group comparisons for a numerical continuous data following a normal distribution will be done using paired t test (for 2 observations) or repeated measures ANOVA for >2 observations, else a non parametric substitute like Wilcoxon signed rank test (for 2 observations) or Friedman’s test for >2 observations will be used.

Keeping alpha error at 5% and Beta error at 20%, power at 80%, p<0.05 will be considered statistically significant.