PREvention of STroke in Intracerebral haemorrhaGE Survivors With Atrial Fibrillation (PRESTIGE-AF)
试验速览
- 阶段
- 3 期
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 319
- 试验地点
- 64
- 主要终点
- Time to the first recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage event.
研究概览
简要总结
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of irregular heart rhythm. In people with AF, blood clots often form in the heart, which can travel to the brain. Blockage of brain arteries by these clots is a major cause of stroke. This type of stroke is called an ischaemic stroke and approximately 15% of all ischaemic strokes are caused by AF.
People with AF are often prescribed a medication called an anticoagulant, which makes it less likely for blood clots to form and thus can prevent ischaemic strokes. However, anticoagulants also increase the risk of bleeding, so they are not suitable for everyone.
Some people who have AF have had a different type of stroke which is caused by bleeding in the brain, an intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). These people are at increased risk of suffering both an ischaemic stroke (due to AF) and another ICH. It is not known whether it is best for these people to take an anticoagulant medication or not, as previous research studies did not include this group of people.
PREvention of STroke in Intracerebral haemorrhaGE survivors with Atrial Fibrillation (PRESTIGE-AF) is a research study on the best stroke prevention in people with atrial fibrillation (AF) who have recently had a bleeding in their brain, (ICH). This is a trial where half of the participants will take an anticoagulant medication, preventing blood clot formation, and half will not receive an anticoagulant. The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) that will be used in this trial are all licenced for use in the United Kingdom and within the European Union (EU) to prevent strokes in people with AF. However, the current licence does not extend to use with people who have had an ICH because it has not been tested in this group with a randomised controlled trial. DOACs will be tested in ICH survivors with AF because previous research trials have shown that people are up to 50% less likely to have bleeding complications in the brain with DOACs than with Warfarin (another commonly used anticoagulant).
The aim of PRESTIGE-AF is to answer the question of whether people with ICH and AF should take an anticoagulant medication or if it is better for them to avoid it.
详细描述
Stroke is one of the largest public health challenges worldwide. Its societal impact is expected to further increase in the coming decades due to the aging of population. Importantly, stroke is a heterogeneous disease comprising various subtypes with distinct mechanisms. The variability of individual risks demands that more specifically targeted and better personalised approaches are developed to tailor stroke prevention for particular stroke types and individual patients.
Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a particularly severe type of stroke affecting 10-15% of all stroke patients. Importantly, ICH carries even higher mortality and more severe disability than other stroke types. While mechanisms of ICH and ischaemic stroke are distinct, many risk factors are shared and patients are often at increased risk of both ischaemic stroke and ICH.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is also a growing epidemic in aging populations and a major cause of ischaemic stroke due to thrombus formation in the heart migrating to and occluding intracerebral arteries. At least 20% of ICH survivors also suffer from AF and are, thus, at particularly high risk of ischaemic stroke. While ischaemic stroke in AF patients in general can be much more effectively prevented with oral anticoagulation than with antiplatelet agents (APA) concerns about ICH recurrence in ICH survivors are a major barrier for anticoagulation. The best approach to stroke prevention in ICH patients with AF is presently unknown. Current clinical guidelines, which are largely based on retrospective observational studies investigating anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKA), either recommend considering anticoagulation only in patients with non-lobar location of ICH or, in the absence of evidence from randomised controlled trials, refrain from making any recommendations at all. Anticoagulation with direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) has proven efficacy and safety for stroke prevention in AF. DOACs may be a better alternative to VKA particularly in ICH patients because DOACs were associated with a 50% lower risk of ICH than VKA in previous clinical trials of stroke prevention in AF. However, patients with previous ICH were excluded from these trials.
Although thousands of ICH survivors with AF every year worldwide need effective prevention of another stroke, the best antithrombotic therapy for these patients is currently unknown. PRESTIGE-AF will be the first sufficiently powered randomised controlled trial aiming to resolve the dilemma of stroke prevention in this challenging high-risk patient population. Specifically, it will answer the question whether DOAC with their well-documented lower risk of intracranial haemorrhagic complications, compared to VKA, provide both a more effective and an equally safe option for stroke prevention in patients with ICH and AF compared to no anticoagulant. Findings of the Study are expected to change management guidelines and future prevention research for ICH survivors with AF.
PREvention of STroke in Intracerebral haemorrhaGE survivors (PRESTIGE-AF) will test whether preventive therapy with DOACs (intervention group) reduce the rate of ischaemic stroke (superiority) compared to no anticoagulation (control group) without unacceptably increasing the risk of recurrent ICH (non-inferiority) in patients with AF and a previous ICH within 6 months before enrolment.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
An Event Adjudication Committee (EAC) will be established. The EAC will consist of experts in relevant fields of the Study such as neurology, cardiology, and haematology. An event adjudication charter with clear definitions of pre-specified outcome events will be developed by the steering committee and agreed by the EAC. After formal training, the EAC will be provided with pseudonymised data for adjudication of pre-specified outcome events and serious adverse events using an online platform provided by the data management centre, Clinical Trials Center Wuerzburg at the University of Wuerzburg.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Age ≥ 18 years
- •Written informed consent obtained from the patient, or for patients who lack the capacity to consent this can be provided by an appropriate representative as defined in protocol
- •Non-traumatic spontaneous ICH during the 12 months before enrolment. Patients become eligible 14 days after the date of their ICH.
- •Documented evidence of AF (paroxysmal, persistent or permanent)
排除标准
- •Fully dependent (mRS >4)
- •Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or plan to become pregnant during the Study period
- •Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP see section 12.2 for definition) who are unable or unwilling to take measures for effective contraception (4.9)
- •Enrolment occurring before 14 days after the date of ICH
- •Enrolment occurring longer than 12 months after the date of ICH
- •ICH resulting from trauma or vascular malformation
- •Another indication for long-term anticoagulation
- •Patient has hypertension, which in the opinion of the investigator, is uncontrollable with medication Any contraindication (except intracerebral haemorrhage) to treatment with apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, rivaroxaban as per SmPC. Including any of the following:
- •Hypersensitivity to the active principle or any of the excipients
- •Clinically relevant bleeding in progress
- •Liver disease associated with coagulopathy and a clinically relevant bleeding risk
- •Injuries or conditions such as a significant risk of major bleeding
- •Hepatic impairment or liver disease which can have an impact on survival
- •Exclusion of patients with end-stage renal creatinine clearance CrCL, (CrCL <15 ml / min) or in patients undergoing dialysis
- •Concomitant treatment with other anticoagulants
- •Patients with a history of thrombosis and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome Special warnings and precautions for use for apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, rivaroxaban as per SmPC should also be taken into account at randomisation.
- •Absolute need for antiplatelet agent (APA) at enrolment, meaning that a patient randomised to receive DOAC who would require an APA is not eligible (single APA is permitted in control group only, at time of randomisation). Presence of a left atrial appendage occlusion device (LAAO) or plan to implant an LAAO
- •Presence of any medical, psychological, or psychiatric condition which in the opinion of the Principal or Co-Investigator would cause participation in the Study to be unwise
- •Participation in any clinical study with an Investigational Medicinal Product within the past 30 days or 5 half-lives of the study drug (observational studies are permitted)
研究组 & 干预措施
Direct Oral Anticoagulant
If the patient is randomized in this arm, a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) included:
- Direct thrombin inhibitor: Dabigatran
- Factor Xa inhibitors: Apixaban or Rivaroxaban or Edoxaban will be prescribed to the patient. Choice and dose of DOAC treatment as well as the use of concomitant medication during the study treatment will be at the Principal Investigator´s discretion within the spectrum of licensed doses labelled for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation patients in Europe following the Summary of Product Characteristics.
干预措施: Apixaban Oral Tablet (Drug)
Direct Oral Anticoagulant
If the patient is randomized in this arm, a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) included:
- Direct thrombin inhibitor: Dabigatran
- Factor Xa inhibitors: Apixaban or Rivaroxaban or Edoxaban will be prescribed to the patient. Choice and dose of DOAC treatment as well as the use of concomitant medication during the study treatment will be at the Principal Investigator´s discretion within the spectrum of licensed doses labelled for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation patients in Europe following the Summary of Product Characteristics.
干预措施: Dabigatran (Drug)
Direct Oral Anticoagulant
If the patient is randomized in this arm, a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) included:
- Direct thrombin inhibitor: Dabigatran
- Factor Xa inhibitors: Apixaban or Rivaroxaban or Edoxaban will be prescribed to the patient. Choice and dose of DOAC treatment as well as the use of concomitant medication during the study treatment will be at the Principal Investigator´s discretion within the spectrum of licensed doses labelled for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation patients in Europe following the Summary of Product Characteristics.
干预措施: Edoxaban Tablets (Drug)
Direct Oral Anticoagulant
If the patient is randomized in this arm, a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) included:
- Direct thrombin inhibitor: Dabigatran
- Factor Xa inhibitors: Apixaban or Rivaroxaban or Edoxaban will be prescribed to the patient. Choice and dose of DOAC treatment as well as the use of concomitant medication during the study treatment will be at the Principal Investigator´s discretion within the spectrum of licensed doses labelled for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation patients in Europe following the Summary of Product Characteristics.
干预措施: Rivaroxaban (Drug)
结局指标
主要结局
Time to the first recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage event.
时间窗: 3 years
Statistics: product-limit estimations of the time to event ("survival") functions in both study groups. Measure of association: hazard ratio under the proportional hazard assumption.
Time to the first incident ischemic stroke event.
时间窗: 3 years
Statistics: product-limit estimations of the time to event ("survival") functions in both study groups. Measure of association: hazard ratio under the proportional hazard assumption.
次要结局
- Rate of any intracranial haemorrhage(3 years)
- Rate of all stroke events(3 years)
- Rate of cardiovascular mortality(3 years)
- Psychological morbidity: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)(enrolment visit, 6 months (min follow-up), 12 months, 24 months, 36 months, and End of Treatment Visit (between 6 and 36 months).)
- Rate of systemic embolism(3 years)
- Rate of major haemorrhage(3 years)
- Quality of life: EQ-5D(enrolment visit, 6 months (min follow-up), 12 months, 24 months, 36 months, and End of Treatment Visit (between 6 and 36 Months).)
- Rate of all-cause mortality(3 years)
- Rate of major bleedings(3 years)
- Rate of major adverse cardiac events(3 years)
- Rates of events (all strokes, systemic embolic event, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular mortality and major bleeding)(3 years)
- Rate of myocardial infarction(3 years)
- Cognitive function: the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)(enrolment visit, 6 months (min follow-up), 12 months, 24 months, 36 months, and End of Treatment Visit (between 6 and 36 Months).)