The Effect of Viscous Dietary Fibers on LDL-cholesterol

• Conditions: Cardiovascular Risk Factor; Hypercholesterolemia

• Registration Number: NCT04133805
• Lead Sponsor: Unity Health Toronto

Brief Summary

This systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed to assess the effect of commonly consumed viscous fibers on blood lipids including LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and ApoB.

Detailed Description

Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central databases were searched through May 13, 2019. Three independent reviews extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Randomized controlled trials that assessed the effect of barley b-glucan, oat b-glucan, konjac glucomannan (KJM), psyllium, guar gum, and pectin, with a study duration of ≥ 3 weeks, in adults with or without hypercholesterolemia were included. Data were pooled using the generic inverse variance method with random effects models and expressed as mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity was assessed by the Cochran Q statistic and quantified by I2 statistic. Overall quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2018-09-17
• Study First Submitted: 2019-06-24
• Status Verified: 2019-10
• Study First Submitted QC: 2019-10-16
• Last Update Submitted: 2019-10-16
• Study First Posted: 2019-10-21
• Last Update Posted: 2019-10-21
• Primary Completion: 2019-12
• Study Completion: 2020-01

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: UNKNOWN
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 7845

Inclusion Criteria

• Must be a randomized controlled clinical trial with either a parallel or cross-over design
• have a treatment period of at least 3 weeks
• Hypercholesterolemic or normocholesterolemic adults, overweight and obese individuals or individuals with diabetes were all acceptable
• Sources from β-glucan oats, β-glucan barley, konjac, psyllium, guar gum, and pectin were accepted
• The amount of soluble fiber must be reported or measured or must be computable.
• Must be appropriately controlled.
• Must measure one of LDL-C, non-HDL-C or ApoB. These lipid measures can be either primary or secondary outcomes.
• Enough information must be provided to calculate the magnitude of effect, i.e. end of treatment measures and/or change from baseline measures

Exclusion Criteria

• If the study was insufficiently controlled, i.e. the control was another soluble fiber
• If the soluble fiber was a combination supplement or in whole food sources where the amount of soluble fiber could not be isolated
• If the outcome measures did not include LDL-C, non-HDL-C or ApoB
• If the treatment period was less than 3 weeks
• If the study was from a non-adult population
• If the study provided insufficient information to calculate a magnitude of effect
• Secondary information such as reviews, editorials, commentaries, were excluded
• If the dose was less than 0.4g/day

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
LDL-Cholesterol	≥ 3 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
ApoB	≥ 3 weeks
non-HDL-Cholesterol	≥ 3 weeks

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Clinical Risk Factor and Modification Centre; 🇨🇦 Toronto, Ontario, Canada