Evaluation of Bispectral Index (BIS™) and Levels of Sedation With Common Inhalational Anesthetics in Healthy Volunteers (OLIVER)

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Anesthesia

Interventions: Device: BIS Complete Monitoring System

Registration Number: NCT04602546

Lead Sponsor: Medtronic - MITG

Brief Summary: To investigate the relationship between BIS™ and inhaled anesthetics across a wide range of anesthetic concentration and hypnotic states, and to provide evidence to support BIS™ performance in use with Isoflurane, Sevoflurane and Desflurane in combination with opioids.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 211

Inclusion Criteria

Healthy (ASA physical status 1), male or female subjects between the ages of 18 to 60 years;
Completion of a health screening for a medical history by a licensed physician, nurse practitioner or physician assistant;
Vital signs must be within the following ranges to be included: Vital signs measured sitting after 3 minutes rest; heart rate: 45-90 bpm; systolic blood pressure: 110-140; diastolic blood pressure: 50-90. Out-of-range vital signs may be repeated once. [Pre-dose vital signs will be assessed by the Principal Investigator or designee (e.g., a medically qualified sub-investigator) before study drug administration. The Principal Investigator or designee will verify the eligibility of each subject with out-of-range vital signs and document approval before dosing].

Exclusion Criteria

Has severe contact allergies that may cause a reaction to standard adhesive materials found in pulse oximetry sensors, ECG electrodes, respiration monitor electrodes, or other medical sensors [self-reported];
Known neurological disorder (e.g., epilepsy, the presence of a brain tumor, a history of brain surgery, hydrocephalic disorders, depression needing treatment with anti-depressive drugs, a history of brain trauma) [self-reported and assessment by PI or delegate];
Known cardiovascular disease (e.g., hypertension, coronary artery disease, prior acute myocardial infarction, any valvular and/or myocardial disease involving a decrease in ejection fraction, arrhythmias, which are either symptomatic or require continuous medication/ pacemaker/ automatic internal cardioverter defibrillator), current implanted pacemaker or automatic internal cardioverter defibrillator [self-reported and assessment by PI or delegate];
Has a clinically significant abnormal finding on medical history, physical examination, clinical laboratory tests, or ECG at the screening [self-reported and assessment by PI or delegate];
Use of psychoactive medication within the past 60 days (e.g., benzodiazepines, antiepileptic drugs, Parkinson's medication, anti-depressant drugs, opioids) [self-reported and assessment by PI or delegate];
Subjects with known gastric diseases [self-reported and assessment by PI or delegate];
Has a positive urine cotinine test or urine drug screen or oral ethanol test [Point of Care (POC) testing];
Known history of allergic or adverse response to drugs to be administered [self-reported];
Known history of complications relating to previous general anesthesia or conscious sedation [self-reported and assessment by PI or delegate];
Known history of malignant hyperthermia [self-reported and assessment by PI or delegate];
Has a room air saturation less than 95% by pulse oximetry [measurement by PI or delegate];
Has a clinically significant abnormal pulmonary function test via spirometry [assessment by PI or delegate];
Pregnant or lactating women [assessed by urine test and self-reported];
Subjects with tattooed skin specific to the sensor placement areas (forehead, fingers, chest) [self-reported and assessment by PI or delegate];
The subject must not take any prescription medication, except female hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy, from 14 days before the dosing until the end-of-study visit without evaluation and approval by the Investigator. Subjects who participated in a previous clinical trial who received a required FDA approved concomitant medication, for example, naltrexone, but were not randomized may be considered for participation in this study if they meet the washout requirement [assessment by PI or delegate].

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Sevoflurane with Fentanyl Group	BIS Complete Monitoring System	Two (2) minutes before starting sevoflurane, to attain an effect-site targeted concentration of fentanyl of 2 ng/mL, an initial IV bolus of fentanyl will be given followed by the start of an infusion. Approximately within 10 minutes, the infusion rate of fentanyl may be adjusted to maintain the effect-site concentration of fentanyl of 2 ng/ml. Sevoflurane will be administered via a tight-face mask in steps to achieve a loss of consciousness by increasing the end-tidal concentration of Sevoflurane (ETSEVO). Targeted concentration for ETSEVO are 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 3, 4, 5% or higher until an MOAA/S score of equal to or less than 2 is reached. ETSEVO is decreased by the same steps until consciousness is regained.
Isoflurane Group	BIS Complete Monitoring System	Due to isoflurane being a volatile agent and not well tolerated as an induction agent, an initial IV bolus of 1% propofol provided at 2mg/kg, with supplemental boluses given at the investigators discretion in order to achieve LMA insertion, will be administered 15-20 minutes prior to isoflurane.Isoflurane will be administered via a tight-face mask in steps to achieve a loss of consciousness (MOAA/S of 0,1) by increasing the end-tidal concentration of Isoflurane (ETISO). Targeted concentration for ETISO are 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5% or higher until MOAA/S scales at values less than 2 is reached. The BIS™ value will be correlated with desflurane ETISO concentration. ETISO is decreased by the same steps until consciousness is regained.
Sevoflurane alone	BIS Complete Monitoring System	Sevoflurane will be administered in steps to achieve a loss of consciousness via a tight-face mask by increasing the end-tidal concentration of Sevoflurane (ETSEVO). Targeted concentration for ETSEVO are 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 3, 4, 5% or higher until MOAA/S scales at values less than 2 is reached. The equilibration time for each targeted concentration will be approximately 12 minutes to maintain a constant ETSEVO. The BIS™ value, MOAA/S score and picture recall test will be assessed when the patient is awake and at the different ETSEVO concentrations. ETSEVO is decreased by the same steps until consciousness is regained.
Sevoflurane with Remifentanil Group	BIS Complete Monitoring System	Two (2) minutes before starting sevoflurane, to attain an effect-site targeted concentration of remifentanil of 4 ng/ml, an initial IV bolus of remifentanil will be given followed by the start of an infusion. Approximately within 7 minutes, the infusion rate of remifentanil may be adjusted to maintain the effect-site concentration of remifentanil of 4 ng/ml. Sevoflurane will be administered via a tight-face mask in steps to achieve a loss of consciousness by increasing the end-tidal concentration of Sevoflurane (ETSEVO). Targeted concentration for ETSEVO are 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 3, 4, 5% or higher until an MOAA/S score of less than 2 is reached. ETSEVO is decreased by the same steps until consciousness is regained.
Desflurane Group	BIS Complete Monitoring System	Due to desflurane being a volatile agent and not well tolerated as an induction agent, an initial IV bolus of 1% propofol provided at 2mg/kg, with supplemental boluses given at the investigators discretion in order to achieve laryngeal mask (LMA) insertion, will be administered 15-20 minutes prior to desflurane. Once correct LMA placement has been confirmed, there will be an equilibrium time of approximately 15-20 minutes to allow the effect site concentration of propofol to reach a level consistent with a pharmacodynamic effect of consciousness as measured by a MOAA/S score of 2 or 3. Desflurane will then be administered via a tight-face mask at the targeted end-tidal concentration (ETDES) of 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 %, or higher until an MOAA/S score of less than 2 is reached. The BIS™ value will be correlated with desflurane ETDES concentration. ETDES is decreased by the same steps until consciousness is regained.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
BIS 50	duration of anesthesia administration, up to 2 hours	To determine BIS50, the BIS™ value (index score on a scale of 0-100 (0 being dead and 100 being fully awake/responsive) on the BIS™ monitor) at which 50% of patients will be unresponsive at a given drug concentration. Responsiveness is measured using the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAAS) a 0-5 scale where 0 represents no response to deep stimulus and 5 represents fully awake).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
BIS 95	duration of anesthesia administration	To determine BIS95, the BIS™ value (index score on a scale of 0-100 (0 being dead and 100 being fully awake/responsive) on the BIS™ monitor) at which 95% of patients will be unresponsive at a given drug concentration. Responsiveness is measured using the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAAS) a 0-5 scale where 0 represents no response to deep stimulus and 5 represents fully awake).
Prediction Probability (PK)	duration of anesthesia administration, up to 2 hours	To determine if the value on the BIS™ monitor (index score on a scale of 0-100 (0 being dead and 100 being fully awake/responsive) on the BIS™ monitor) can predict the subject's responsiveness at a given drug concentration. Responsiveness is measured using the Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAAS) a 0-5 scale where 0 represents no response to deep stimulus and 5 represents fully awake).

Trial Locations

Locations (3): University of California at San Francisco
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San Francisco, California, United States
Duke University Medical Center
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Durham, North Carolina, United States
University of Utah Health Science Center
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Salt Lake City, Utah, United States