Effects of Low Level Laser Therapy Versus Muscle Energy Techniques Among Diabetic Patients With Frozen Shoulder
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Not yet recruiting
- Sponsor
- Enrollment
- 36
- Primary Endpoint
- Shoulder function
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The current study is to evaluate the comparative effects of low-level laser therapy and muscle energy technique on pain, range of motion, and functional results in diabetic patients with frozen shoulder. This research aims to enhance the existing data on managing diabetes-related musculoskeletal issues by assessing the comparative advantages of various therapies, therefore assisting physicians in choosing appropriate, patient-centred rehabilitation procedures.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 65 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Eligible participants were male and female individuals aged 18 to 65 years with a verified diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and clinical manifestations of frozen shoulder for at least three months. The diagnosis was determined by limited glenohumeral joint mobility, characterised by a decrease of ≥20° in a minimum of three active movements: flexion <144°, abduction <120°, and external rotation <72°. Cases of both unilateral and bilateral nature were incorporated.
Exclusion Criteria
- •The exclusion criteria included a history of traumatic shoulder injury or prior surgery; neurological involvement, such as brachial plexus injury or cervical radiculopathy; rotator cuff tears or other ligamentous pathologies; tumours or malignancies affecting the shoulder; and corticosteroid injection within the preceding three months
Arms & Interventions
Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) + Conventional Therapy
Participants received LLLT with a Ga-Al-As diode laser (830 nm, 100 mW) applied to anterior capsule, posterior capsule, and subacromial area (4 J/cm² per site, 60-90 sec each), three times per week for 8 weeks. Along with LLLT, all participants received conventional therapy (moist heat, pendulum exercises, passive/active-assisted ROM, isometric strengthening, and postural correction training).
Intervention: Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) (Other)
Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) + Conventional Therapy
Participants received LLLT with a Ga-Al-As diode laser (830 nm, 100 mW) applied to anterior capsule, posterior capsule, and subacromial area (4 J/cm² per site, 60-90 sec each), three times per week for 8 weeks. Along with LLLT, all participants received conventional therapy (moist heat, pendulum exercises, passive/active-assisted ROM, isometric strengthening, and postural correction training).
Intervention: Muscle Energy Technique (MET) (Other)
Muscle Energy Technique (MET) + Conventional Therapy
Participants received MET for shoulder muscle groups (internal/external rotators, flexors, extensors). Each contraction was ~20% effort, held for 10 sec, followed by 5 sec relaxation and passive stretch to a new end range. Three to five cycles per group, ~20 minutes/session, three times per week for 8 weeks. Along with MET, all participants received the same conventional therapy as Arm A.
Intervention: Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) (Other)
Muscle Energy Technique (MET) + Conventional Therapy
Participants received MET for shoulder muscle groups (internal/external rotators, flexors, extensors). Each contraction was ~20% effort, held for 10 sec, followed by 5 sec relaxation and passive stretch to a new end range. Three to five cycles per group, ~20 minutes/session, three times per week for 8 weeks. Along with MET, all participants received the same conventional therapy as Arm A.
Intervention: Muscle Energy Technique (MET) (Other)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Shoulder function
Time Frame: Baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after intervention initiation.
Measured using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, a validated patient-reported outcome measure assessing disability and symptoms related to upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Higher scores indicate greater disability.
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported
Investigators
Aqsa Majeed
Dr. Aqsa Majeed
University of Lahore