Resistance Exercise and Protein During Weight Loss
- Conditions
- StarvationWeight Loss
- Interventions
- Other: Caloric RestrictionOther: Energy BalanceDietary Supplement: Post-Exercise CarbohydrateDietary Supplement: Post-Exercise ProteinDietary Supplement: Calcium and Vitamin D
- Registration Number
- NCT03600311
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Nebraska Lincoln
- Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to determine if post-exercise protein supplementation can rescue the anabolic response of muscle and bone to resistance exercise during caloric restriction.
- Detailed Description
1. Preliminary Testing Prior to the study start, participants will be weighed and body composition will be determined using bioimpedance analysis. Then participants will undergo a 5RM barbell back squat exercise testing procedure.
2. Randomization
Participants will proceed through each of the following conditions lasting 3 days:
CON: Participants will be in energy balance and consume 1.2 g protein/kg BW/day. Participants will be provided 30 g maltodextrin post-exercise.
CR+C: Participants will be restricted to 15 kcal/kg FFM/day and consume 1.2 g protein/kg BW/day. Participants will be provided 30 g maltodextrin post-exercise.
CR+P: Participants will be restricted to 15 kcal/kg FFM/day and consume 1.2 g protein/kg BW/day. Participants will be provided 30 g whey protein post-exercise.
3. Diet Prescription Dietary energy intake will be controlled using clinical products, maltodextrin and whey protein isolate to meet target energy intakes. Participants will receive calcium and Vitamin D supplementation throughout the study.
4. Exercise Prescription Participants will perform one bout of 5 sets of 5 repetitions of barbell back squat exercise on the morning of Day 3 each condition. Additional exercise and intense physical activity will be prohibited.
5. Assessments Body weight and composition (DXA + BIA), fasting blood draws for assessment of metabolic and anabolic hormones and questionnaires will be conducted before and after each condition. A 24-hour serial blood draw procedure will be conducted following each workout session on each Day 3.
6. Washout Once a participant completes a study condition, participants will continue to take daily body weights at home for up to one week. Then participants will be required to wait one more week before completing their next condition during which they will resume regular diet and physical activity.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 17
- Weigh at least 110 lbs
- Weight-Stable (2.5 kg) within the past six months
- Height-Stable (< 0.25 inches) within the past year
- 3 years of resistance training experience
Tested Inclusion Criteria:
- <20% body fat (men) or <30% body fat (women)
- Lactose intolerant
- Pregnancy
- Taking interfering medications such as steroids, thyroid or growth hormones
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Energy Balance Post-Exercise Carbohydrate Participants will be in energy balance and consume 1.2 g/kg BW protein. They will be provided 30 g of maltodextrin following exercise. Caloric Restriction and CHO Supp Post-Exercise Carbohydrate Participants will be calorie restricted to 15 kcal/kg FFM/day and consume 1.2 g/kg BW protein. They will be provided 30 g of maltodextrin following exercise. Caloric Restriction and CHO Supp Calcium and Vitamin D Participants will be calorie restricted to 15 kcal/kg FFM/day and consume 1.2 g/kg BW protein. They will be provided 30 g of maltodextrin following exercise. Caloric Restriction and PRO Supp Caloric Restriction Participants will be calorie restricted to 15 kcal/kg FFM/day and consume 1.2 g/kg BW protein. They will be provided 30 g of whey protein following exercise. Caloric Restriction and PRO Supp Post-Exercise Protein Participants will be calorie restricted to 15 kcal/kg FFM/day and consume 1.2 g/kg BW protein. They will be provided 30 g of whey protein following exercise. Energy Balance Calcium and Vitamin D Participants will be in energy balance and consume 1.2 g/kg BW protein. They will be provided 30 g of maltodextrin following exercise. Energy Balance Energy Balance Participants will be in energy balance and consume 1.2 g/kg BW protein. They will be provided 30 g of maltodextrin following exercise. Caloric Restriction and CHO Supp Caloric Restriction Participants will be calorie restricted to 15 kcal/kg FFM/day and consume 1.2 g/kg BW protein. They will be provided 30 g of maltodextrin following exercise. Caloric Restriction and PRO Supp Calcium and Vitamin D Participants will be calorie restricted to 15 kcal/kg FFM/day and consume 1.2 g/kg BW protein. They will be provided 30 g of whey protein following exercise.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in Serum [CTX] (ng/mL) Baseline, Pre-Exercise, 0-24 Hours Post-Exercise Measured via ELISA
Change in Serum [P1NP] (pg/mL) Baseline, Pre-Exercise, 0-24 Hours Post-Exercise Measured via ELISA
Change in Serum [IGF-1] (ng/mL) Baseline, Pre-Exercise, 0-24 Hours Post-Exercise Measured via ELISA
Change in Serum [IGFBP-3] (ng/mL) Baseline, Pre-Exercise, 0-24 Hours Post-Exercise Measured via ELISA
Change in Serum [GH] (pg/mL) Baseline, Pre-Exercise, 0-24 Hours Post-Exercise Measured via ELISA
Change in Serum [Sclerostin] (pmol/L) Baseline, Pre-Exercise, 0-24 Hours Post-Exercise Measured via ELISA
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in Body Weight (kg) Baseline and Day 4 Measured via Stadiometer
Change in Perceived Hunger (mm or %) Baseline and Day 4 Measured on Visual Analog Scale within Survey
Change in Body Fat Percentage (%) Baseline and Day 4 Measured via DXA and BIA
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Sports and Exercise Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Ruth Leverton Hall
🇺🇸Lincoln, Nebraska, United States