MedPath

Assessment of ICP in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Using Transocular Ultrasound and Transcranial Doppler

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Interventions
Diagnostic Test: TOS and TCD
Registration Number
NCT04314128
Lead Sponsor
Danish Headache Center
Brief Summary

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is a rare disease, primarily affecting overweight females of child-bearing age. Patients suffer from increased intracranial pressure (ICP), typically resulting in headaches, visual disturbances and bilateral papilledema, pulsatile tinnitus and cognitive deficits. The disease is difficult to diagnose, treat and monitor. The only current method of measuring the ICP in day-to-day clinical practice is by lumbar puncture. This procedure is invasive, and often painful for the patient. There is an unmet need of methods that can reliable measure or estimate ICP in a non-invasive manner. Ultrasound is one such potential method, and the aim of this study is to investigate the use of ocular ultrasound and transcranial doppler to measure or estimate ICP.

Detailed Description

This study is a prospective cohort study. Investigators plan to include 50 patients in whom the IIH-diagnosis is suspected. Patients are referred from general practitioners, neurologists or ophthalmologists to the Danish Headache Center or admitted to the Neurology ward when the IIH diagnosis is suspected.

As part of an established routine clinical work-up to establish the diagnosis of IIH, all patients will undergo (according to the Friedman criteria) the following examinations:

A)

1. An interview (history taking) and clinical examination

2. Routine laboratory tests (blood tests)

3. Ophthalmological examination

4. Lumbar puncture with measurement of the ICP

5. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain

Additionally the following investigations will be performed at baseline (before and after lumbar puncture):

B) Transorbital sonography (TOS) C) Transcranial Doppler When the patient is seen at the clinic for their regular follow-up visits the same measurements will be done.

A control group of healthy participants (NR=25) will be included in whom TOS (B) and TCD (C) will be performed in order to compare the values between the patient group (IIH) and control group. Controls will be included to match the patients according to BMI, age and gender.

All ultrasound images- and films will be saved, and evaluated by a blinded investigator.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
78
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age 18-65
  • Patients in whom the IIH diagnosis is suspected/or confirmed
  • The diagnosis of migraine with or without aura or tension-type headache is allowed as a comorbid headache type.
  • Participants must read and understand the Danish language, or have an official interpreter present to be able to understand the work-up and sign the participation consent for the study
Exclusion Criteria
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding females
  • Patients who do not need a diagnostic lumbar puncture at the time of evaluation
  • Patients treated with acetazolamide, topiramate or furosemide for IIH or suspected IIH before inclusion in the study (baseline)
  • Any other primary or secondary headache diagnosis than migraine with or without aura or tension type headache as a comorbid disorder
  • Patients in whom the examination cannot be performed due to anatomical reasons such as severe head dysmorphia or severe ophthalmological diseases
  • Participants with secondary causes of raised intracranial pressure, or patients that have been treated for such (e.g. brain tumor, hydrocephalus, stroke or severe head injury)
  • Participants with known atherosclerotic disease or known heart disease

CONTROL GROUP (ARM 2):

Inclusion criteria:

  • Age 18-65
  • Healthy persons who do not suffer from any form of primary headache except infrequent tension-type headache
  • Participants must read and understand the Danish language or have an official interpreter present to be able to sign the participation consent for the study.

Exclusion criteria:

  • Pregnant or breastfeeding females
  • Participants in whom the examination cannot be performed due to anatomical reasons such as severe head dysmorphia or severe ophthalmological diseases

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Patients suspected of IIH at baselineTOS and TCDIntervention: TOS and TCD measurements at baseline, and at routine follow-ups. Healthy controls will be recruited to match the patients.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Correlation between opening pressure and ONSD1 year

Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) potential correlation with opening pressure.

Correlaton between opening pressure and ONSD/ETD ratio1 year

ONSD/ETD (external transverse diameter) ratio and potential correlation with opening pressure.

Comparison of ONSD in IIH and healthy controls1 year

Comparison of ONSD in patients with elevated ICP (IIH) and healthy controls, age- sex and BMI matched.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Optic disc elevation1 year

Optic disc elevation measured by ultrasound in IIH compared with healthy controls

Neuro-ophthalmological evaluation of papilledema versus ultrasound evaluation of the optic nerve2 years

Papilledema and the optic nerve is usually evaluated by neuro-ophthalmologists in patients with IIH. Investigators will compare this evaluation with the assessment made by TOS ultrasound.

ONSD diameter on MR c in patients with IIH1 year

ONSD and correlation with ONSD on orbital MRI.

Changes in the optic nerve (ONSD)6 months

Changes in ONSD after 6 months

Changes in the optic nerve (ODE)6 months

Changes in ODE(optic disc elevation) after 6 months

TCD (PI - pulsatility index) in patients with IIH2 years

Evaluation of pulsatility index for major intracranial arteries (PI) using doppler ultrasound in patients with raised intracranial pressure (IIH) compared with normal values.

TCD (RI - resistance index) in patients with IIH2 years

Evaluation of resistance index (RI) for major intracranial arteries using doppler ultrasound in patients with raised intracranial pressure (IIH) compared with normal values.

TCD (MBFV - mean blood flow velocity) in patients with IIH2 years

Evaluation of mean blood flow velocity (MBFV) for major intracranial arteries using doppler ultrasound in patients with raised intracranial pressure (IIH) compared with normal values.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Danish Headache Center

🇩🇰

Glostrup, Region Hovedstaden, Denmark

© Copyright 2025. All Rights Reserved by MedPath