The Effect of Motor Imagery on Preventing Volleyball Players During Jumping and Landing

Not Applicable

Recruiting

• Conditions: Motor Imagery

• Registration Number: NCT07009080
• Lead Sponsor: Aydan Niziplioğlu

Brief Summary

Although the effectiveness of motor imagery in improving performance in sports is known, there is no research on its preventive role against injuries. the primary aim of this study is to investigate the effect of motor imagery on improving risk factors related to jumps and falls in volleyball players. The secondary aim of this study is to investigate the effect of motor imagery on cortical functions.

Detailed Description

The nature of volleyball includes serving, blocking, and/or spiking, which require players to jump frequently. This high demand on the lower extremity causes high injury rates: approximately 58.7% of all injuries involve lower extremities, among which 51.8% are non-contact injuries . The knee accounts for 58% of lower extremity injuries -15.2% of which involve ACL- while 25.9% affect the ankle, including ligament injuries, sprains, and strains . These high injury rates cause players to lose game-time, 4.49 per 1000 hours for competition and 3.43 per 1000 hours for practice hours and cause their clubs to lose money .

Most studies in the literature focused on ACL injuries and they reported numerous risk factors, such as anatomic, hormonal, biomechanical, and unanticipated. Of these biomechanical risk factors, increased anterior tibial shear force, decreased knee flexion while landing, increased knee valgus, knee and hip internal rotation, and hip adduction were reported as the most important. These joint angle errors are reported to be the cause of 47.5% of the knee injuries in volleyball during jumping and falling . Also, altered kinetics in landing are suggested to potentially increase risk for ankle recurrent injury .

Recent studies have identified core and joint stabilization, stretching, strengthening, balance, mobilization, and flexibility exercises as a pivotal factor in preventing knee injuries in volleyball . In addition to these training programs, which help promote safer landing mechanics, training proper landing is also beneficial in injury prevention both for knee injuries and for ankle injuries.

Motor imagery (MI) is a contemporary method defined as a mental simulation of an action that is not actually performed . There are multiple brain areas, mostly motor areas, accepted to be involved in MI, but there is little evidence explaining the underlying mechanisms. Especially, the prefrontal cortex, involved in executive functions, is shown to be activated during MI tasks, but their interaction are not fully defined . MI has been described as a promising technique to facilitate the learning and improvement of motor skills in sports, education, and rehabilitation areas involving physical applications. Although the effectiveness of motor imagery in improving performance and learning new motor skills in sports is known, there is no research on its preventive role against injuries. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effect of motor imagery on improving injury-causing factors related to jumps and falls in volleyball players. The secondary aim of this study was to investigate the effect of motor imagery on cortical functions.

Study Timeline

• Status Verified: 2025-05
• Study First Submitted: 2025-05-27
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-05-29
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-05-29
• Study Start: 2025-06
• Study First Posted: 2025-06-06
• Last Update Posted: 2025-06-06
• Primary Completion: 2025-09
• Study Completion: 2025-09

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 30

Inclusion Criteria

• To be between the ages of 15 and 25,
• Not have an injury that affects the player's training program
• Play regularly for a professional team.

Exclusion Criteria

• had lower extremity injury in the last two months
• who had been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Kinematic Analysis	12 weeks	The flexion angles of the hip, knee, and dorsiflexion of the ankle during jumping and landing will evaluated with the 'Dartfish Analysis System' as degree.This software possesses simultaneous recording and measurement capabilities and is compatible with mobile phones for installation. This software is employed as a clinical instrument to measure movement amplitude and velocity, biaxial spatial coordinates, and joint angles throughout movement in the volleyball players

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Cognitive Functions	12 weeks	The Computerized Neurocognitive Tests Vital Sign (CNSVS) test consists of 10 standardized neurocognitive tests: verbal memory test, visual memory test, finger tapping test, symbol digit coding test, stroop test (simple reaction test, complex reaction test, and stroop effect), shifting attention test, continuous performance test, perception of emotions test, non-verbal reasoning test, and 4-part continuous performance test

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Fizyoostea; 🇹🇷 Gaziantep, Turkey