Comparing Inflammation, Lactose Intolerance and Lactose Maldigestion in Lactose Maldigesters on Consumption of Commercial Milk Containing A1 and A2 Beta-Casein and A2 Milk Containing Only A2 Beta-Casein for Two Weeks
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 35
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Difference in inflammation between commercial and A2 milk
研究概览
简要总结
Cow's milk contains two types of β-casein: A1 and A2. It is evident from human clinical trials that milk with A1 protein produces more hydrogen and symptoms of lactose intolerance. A pro-inflammatory μ-opioid peptide BCM-7 is released from A1 but not from A2. Milk containing A1 β-casein produced more inflammatory markers than A2 β-casein. This is a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial conducted to determine if there are changes in inflammatory markers following two weeks of milk feeding, due to milk containing A1 and A2 beta-casein as compared to milk containing only A2 beta-casein.
详细描述
Recruitment:
Flyers, emails, and advertisements in local and university newspapers will be used for recruitment of study participants.
Phone screening:
Interested individuals will be contacted via phone by study staff to assess eligibility by asking questions listed in the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Informed consent:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 65 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Ability/desire to provide informed consent Aged 18 to 65 years of age inclusive at screening Current or recent history of intolerance to or avoidance of dairy of at least one month duration (by self-report and self-reported symptoms).
- •Agrees to refrain from all other treatments and products used for dairy intolerance (e.g., Lactaid® Dietary Supplements) during study involvement Willing to return for all study visits and complete all study related procedures Able to understand and provide written informed consent in English
排除标准
- •Allergic to milk
- •Currently pregnant Currently lactating Cigarette smoking or other use of tobacco or nicotine containing products within 3 months of screening Diagnosed with any of the following disorders known to be associated with abnormal gastrointestinal motility such as; Gastroparesis, amyloidosis, neuromuscular diseases (including Parkinson's disease), collagen vascular diseases, alcoholism, uremia, malnutrition, or untreated hypothyroidism History of surgery that alters the normal function of the gastrointestinal tract including, but not limited to: gastrointestinal bypass surgery, bariatric surgery, gastric banding, vagotomy, fundoplication, pyloroplasty [Note: history of uncomplicated abdominal surgeries such as removal of an appendix more than 12 months prior to screening will not be excluded] Past or present : Organ transplant, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, symptomatic biliary disease, Celiac disease, chronic constipation, diverticulosis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD), small intestine bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO), gastroparesis, gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) or any other medical condition with symptoms that could confound collection of adverse events.
- •Active ulcers, or history of severe ulcers Diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2) Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C Height: ___ Weight: ___ BMI: ___
- •o Weighing <16.5 kg and BMI > 35 kg/m2
- •Recent bowel preparation for endoscopic or radiologic investigation within four weeks of screening (e.g., colonoscopy prep) Use of concurrent therapy(ies) or other products (e.g., laxatives, stool softeners, Pepto Bismol®, Lactaid® Dietary Supplements) used for symptoms of dairy intolerance within 7 days of screening Chronic antacid and/or PPI use Recent use of systemic antibiotics defined as use within 30 days prior to screening Recent high colonic enema, defined as use within 30 days prior to screening Any concurrent disease or symptoms which may interfere with the assessment of the cardinal symptoms of dairy intolerance (i.e., gas, diarrhea, bloating, cramps, stomach pain) History of ethanol (alcohol) and/or drug abuse in the past 12 months Currently undergoing chemotherapy Use of any investigational drug or participation in any investigational study within 30 days prior to screening Prior enrollment in this study Any other conditions/issues noted by the study staff and/or Principal Investigator that would impact participation and/or protocol compliance
结局指标
主要结局
Difference in inflammation between commercial and A2 milk
时间窗: Baseline blood draw on day 1 and within the 3 hours following milk dose on day 15
The concentration of inflammatory markers hs-CRP, IL-4, IgG, IgG1, BCM-7, GSH in serum will be measured using ELISA kits, Cobas 400 plus analyzer and a Cobas e411 analyzer in nanometers.
Difference in symptoms between commercial and A2 milk
时间窗: From day 1 to day 14 after 500 ml milk consumption and within the 6 hours following milk dose on day 15
Participants will record and rate abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, diarrhea and fecal urgency using a 6-point Likert Scale during the 6-hour test. The scale ranges from a score of 0 to 5 (0 = none, 1 =slight, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = moderately severe, 5 = severe).
Difference in hydrogen between commercial and A2 milk
时间窗: Within the 6 hours following milk dose on day 15
Hydrogen concentration (ppm) will be measured in breath sample using a hydrogen breath analyzer.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Dennis A. Savaiano
Professor
Purdue University