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Anakinra for the Prevention of Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurotoxicity in Patients With B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Receiving CD19-Targeted CAR-T Cell Therapy

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Interventions
Procedure: X-Ray Imaging
Procedure: Positron Emission Tomography
Procedure: Computed Tomography
Procedure: Bone Marrow Aspiration
Procedure: Bone Marrow Biopsy
Procedure: Lumbar Puncture
Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Registration Number
NCT04359784
Lead Sponsor
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
Brief Summary

This phase II trial studies how well anakinra works in decreasing the occurrence of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and damage to the nerves (neurotoxicity) in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma who are receiving CD-19 targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy. CAR-T cell therapy may be complicated by two potentially life-threatening side effects: CRS and neurotoxicity. Anakinra is a drug typically used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, but may also help in preventing CAR-T cell-related cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity.

Detailed Description

OUTLINE:

Patients receive anakinra intravenously (IV) \[previously subcutaneously (SC) for some patients\] over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) or CT, bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and biopsy (if clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (if clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.

After completion of lisocabtagene maraleucel infusion, patients are followed up periodically for up to 90 days.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
27
Inclusion Criteria
  • Subjects must be 18 years of age or older
  • Karnofsky performance status of >= 60%
  • Patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) and eligible for treatment with liso-cel. Patients treated with non-conforming (out-of-specification) liso-cell may remain on study.
  • Negative serum pregnancy test within 2 weeks of enrollment for women of childbearing potential, defined as those who have not been surgically sterilized or who have not been free of menses for at least 1 year
  • Fertile male and female subjects must be willing to use an effective contraceptive method before, during, and for at least 4 months after the last dose of anakinra
  • Ability to understand and provide informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Subjects requiring ongoing daily corticosteroid therapy at a dose of > 15 mg of prednisone per day (or equivalent). Pulsed corticosteroid use for disease control is acceptable

  • Active autoimmune disease requiring immunosuppressive therapy is excluded unless discussed with the principal investigator (PI)

  • Known hypersensitivity to Escherichia € coli-derived proteins, anakinra, or to any component of the product

  • Major organ dysfunction defined as:

    • Serum creatinine > 2.5 mg/dL
    • Significant hepatic dysfunction (Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 5x upper limit of normal; bilirubin > 3.0 mg/dL) unless due to malignancy or Gilbert's syndrome in the opinion of the PI or designee
    • Subjects with clinically significant pulmonary dysfunction, as determined by medical history and physical exam should undergo pulmonary function testing. Those with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of < 50% of predicted or diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (corrected) < 40% will be excluded
    • Significant cardiovascular abnormalities as defined by any one of the following: New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV congestive heart failure, clinically significant hypotension, uncontrolled symptomatic coronary artery disease, or a documented ejection fraction of < 35%
  • Uncontrolled serious and active infection

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Prevention (anakinra, lisocabtagene maraleucel)Positron Emission TomographyPatients receive anakinra IV (previously SC) over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, PET/CT or CT, BMA and biopsy (as clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (as clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
Prevention (anakinra, lisocabtagene maraleucel)AnakinraPatients receive anakinra IV (previously SC) over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, PET/CT or CT, BMA and biopsy (as clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (as clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
Prevention (anakinra, lisocabtagene maraleucel)X-Ray ImagingPatients receive anakinra IV (previously SC) over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, PET/CT or CT, BMA and biopsy (as clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (as clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
Prevention (anakinra, lisocabtagene maraleucel)Computed TomographyPatients receive anakinra IV (previously SC) over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, PET/CT or CT, BMA and biopsy (as clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (as clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
Prevention (anakinra, lisocabtagene maraleucel)Bone Marrow AspirationPatients receive anakinra IV (previously SC) over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, PET/CT or CT, BMA and biopsy (as clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (as clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
Prevention (anakinra, lisocabtagene maraleucel)Bone Marrow BiopsyPatients receive anakinra IV (previously SC) over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, PET/CT or CT, BMA and biopsy (as clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (as clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
Prevention (anakinra, lisocabtagene maraleucel)Lumbar PuncturePatients receive anakinra IV (previously SC) over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, PET/CT or CT, BMA and biopsy (as clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (as clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
Prevention (anakinra, lisocabtagene maraleucel)Biospecimen CollectionPatients receive anakinra IV (previously SC) over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, PET/CT or CT, BMA and biopsy (as clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (as clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Absence of any grade cytokine release syndrome (CRS)Up to 28 days after lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) infusion

Will assess the efficacy of anakinra in preventing the occurrence of any grade CRS using the Bayesian optimal phase 2 design. Assessed based on the ASTCT Consensus Grading for CRS and Neurotoxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cell.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Rate of hospitalization after liso-cel treatmentUp to 28 days after liso-cel infusion
CRS gradeUp to 28 days after liso-cel infusion

Graded according to the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT) Consensus Grading for CRS and Neurotoxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cell.

Duration of hospitalization after liso-cel treatmentUp to 28 days after liso-cel infusion
Corticosteroid usage after liso-cel treatmentUp to 28 days after liso-cel infusion
Neurotoxicity gradeUp to 28 days after liso-cel infusion

Graded according to the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT) Consensus Grading for CRS and Neurotoxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cell.

Disease response to liso-celApproximately at 28 and 90 days after liso-cel infusion

Objective responses to the therapeutic regimen will be assessed based on institutional standard using physical examination, imaging (CT or PET-CT), and if necessary, bone marrow biopsies.

Adverse events (AEs)Up to 28 days after liso-cel infusion

Grade 3 or greater AEs, graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium

🇺🇸

Seattle, Washington, United States

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