Misoprostol for Treatment of Fetal Death at 14-28 Weeks of Pregnancy

Phase 3

Completed

Brief Summary: The purpose of the proposed study is to test - in a randomized, blinded trial - two different doses of the prostaglandin E1 analogue misoprostol administered buccally as a treatment for fetal death at 14 - 28 weeks, inclusive, of pregnancy. At such an advanced stage of pregnancy, the nonviable fetus is often not spontaneously evacuated, and yet timely evacuation is vital in order to avoid the possibility of, among other things, potentially life-threatening maternal coagulopathies. Current approaches to uterine evacuation in these cases include dilatation and evacuation (D\&E) surgery (in less advanced pregnancies) and labor induction with a variety of products. Misoprostol has been demonstrated to be as effective as, or more effective than, either oxytocin or prostaglandin E2 analogues for this indication in a number of small, non-FDA-approved trials which have been published in the peer-reviewed literature. In the absence of more formal study of this treatment, however, dosages are not standardized, pathways of administration vary, and other uncertainties linger. The purpose of the protocol proposed herein is to formally establish, via a randomized, double-blinded study, the safety and effectiveness of misoprostol for this indication, and to compare the value of two distinct doses, so that providers may henceforward proceed with greater authority and confidence.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Transmural uterine scar;
Allergies or other contraindications to use of misoprostol;
Placental abruption with active hemorrhage;
Complete placenta previa;
Extreme uterine structural anomalies;
Or other contraindications to vaginal delivery of the fetus;
Presentation in active labor (moderate to severe contractions every 10 minutes); or
Four or more previous deliveries

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
1	Misoprostol	Women in Group 1 will be administered two tablets (a 100 mcg misoprostol tablet and a placebo tablet made to resemble a 100 mcg misoprostol tablet), which she will be instructed to hold in her cheeks for 200 minutes, after which she will swallow any medication that remains. In cases where cervical dilation is not complete after six hours, women will be given a second dose of study drug. Study drug will continue to be administered at 6-hourly intervals through hour 42 after the study dose.
2	Misoprostol	Women in Group 1 will be administered two tablets (2 100 mcg misoprostol tablets), which she will be instructed to hold in her cheeks for 200 minutes, after which she will swallow any medication that remains. In cases where cervical dilation is not complete after six hours, women will be given a second dose of study drug. Study drug will continue to be administered at 6-hourly intervals through hour 42 after the study dose.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Successful Expulsion of Fetus and Placenta Within 48 Hours	48 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method

Locations (5): University of Illinois at Chicago
🇺🇸
Chicago, Illinois, United States
Christiana Care Health System
🇺🇸
Newark, Delaware, United States
Huong Vuong Hospital
🇻🇳
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
🇺🇸
Bronx, New York, United States
Stanford University
🇺🇸
Palo Alto, California, United States