Comparison of Manual Skills, Visual-Motor Integration and Participation of Children With and Without Type 1 Diabetes

Completed

• Conditions: Participation; Hand Skills; Visual Motor Integration; Type 1 Diabetes
• Interventions: Behavioral: Beery- Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration; Behavioral: Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test; Diagnostic Test: Participation and Environment Measure - Children and Youth

• Registration Number: NCT04866212
• Lead Sponsor: Istanbul Medipol University Hospital

Brief Summary

The aim of this study is to compare visual-motor integration, academic achievement and participation in activities of daily living with and without type 1 diabetes.

Detailed Description

There are two different groups in this study. The first group includes children with type 1 diabetes and the second group includes healthy children. Children aged 8-12 years were included in the evaluation. Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration , academic achievement (Turkish, mathematics, social sciences exam scores) Participation and Environment Measure-Children an Youth, Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test were used for evaluation.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2020-04-30
• Primary Completion: 2021-03-16
• Study First Submitted: 2021-04-27
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-04-27
• Study First Posted: 2021-04-29
• Study Completion: 2021-09-16
• Status Verified: 2024-06
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-06-06
• Last Update Posted: 2024-06-07

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 89

Inclusion Criteria

1. Being between the ages of 8 and 12,
2. To be diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes,
3. To be receiving education at primary education level,
4. Children who agree to participate in the cooperative during the evaluations,
5. Parents and children accepted to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Any acute or chronic illness that affects the level of physical activity,
2. Other types of diabetes,
3. Mental problems,
4. Having received psychiatric treatment,
5. Having vision problems.

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Children with Type 1 Diabetes Group	Participation and Environment Measure - Children and Youth	Children with type 1 diabetes were evaluated in terms of their hand skills, visual motor integration, participation in daily life activities and academic success. Hand skills were evaluated using the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. Participation was evaluated with Participation and Environment Measurement-Children and Youth. Visual motor integration was evaluated with Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration. Academic success was evaluated with the course success score.
Children without Type 1 Diabetes Group	Beery- Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration	Children without type 1 diabetes were evaluated in terms of their hand skills, visual motor integration, participation in daily life activities and academic success. Hand skills were evaluated using the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. Participation was evaluated with Participation and Environment Measurement-Children and Youth. Visual motor integration was evaluated with Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration. Academic success was evaluated with the course success score.
Children with Type 1 Diabetes Group	Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test	Children with type 1 diabetes were evaluated in terms of their hand skills, visual motor integration, participation in daily life activities and academic success. Hand skills were evaluated using the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. Participation was evaluated with Participation and Environment Measurement-Children and Youth. Visual motor integration was evaluated with Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration. Academic success was evaluated with the course success score.
Children with Type 1 Diabetes Group	Beery- Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration	Children with type 1 diabetes were evaluated in terms of their hand skills, visual motor integration, participation in daily life activities and academic success. Hand skills were evaluated using the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. Participation was evaluated with Participation and Environment Measurement-Children and Youth. Visual motor integration was evaluated with Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration. Academic success was evaluated with the course success score.
Children without Type 1 Diabetes Group	Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test	Children without type 1 diabetes were evaluated in terms of their hand skills, visual motor integration, participation in daily life activities and academic success. Hand skills were evaluated using the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. Participation was evaluated with Participation and Environment Measurement-Children and Youth. Visual motor integration was evaluated with Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration. Academic success was evaluated with the course success score.
Children without Type 1 Diabetes Group	Participation and Environment Measure - Children and Youth	Children without type 1 diabetes were evaluated in terms of their hand skills, visual motor integration, participation in daily life activities and academic success. Hand skills were evaluated using the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. Participation was evaluated with Participation and Environment Measurement-Children and Youth. Visual motor integration was evaluated with Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration. Academic success was evaluated with the course success score.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Participation	25-40 minutes	Participation and Environment Measurement- Children and Youth (PEM-CY) is a parent reported measure developed in North America. Evaluates the environmental factors affecting the participation of disabled and non-disabled children and young people. It examines three environments, home, school and environment, and discusses each environment in two parts as "participation and environment".
academic achievement	1 minutes	Academic achievement was evaluated with Turkish, mathematics and social sciences course success points.
Visual Motor Integration	30 minutes	Visual-motor integration (VMI) is "the degree to which visual perception and finger-hand movements are well coordinated" and will asses with Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration in this study. This test is a standardized, norm-referenced assessment involving copying geometric forms that is used to determine the level of integration between visual and motor systems in people of all ages. The Short Format and Full Format tests take about 10-15 minutes each to administer. Results are reported as standard scores, percentiles, and age equivalents.
Hand Skills	10-15 minutes	The Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT) assesses both dominant and non-dominant hand skills and provides an objective assessment of hand function included in 7 subtests of daily living activities. The time (in seconds) to perform the 7 subtests is measured by the stopwatch. JTHFT is valid, reliable and normative for children.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Istanbul Medipol University; 🇹🇷 Istanbul, Beykoz, Turkey