The Effectiveness of Applying Art Therapy on Social Interaction, Self-esteem and Well-Being for Elderly Residents in Long-Term Care Institutions

Not Applicable

• Conditions: Long-Term Care; Aged
• Interventions: Other: Art therapy

• Registration Number: NCT05098756
• Lead Sponsor: National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences

Brief Summary

When aging, older people migrate to long-term care institutions. The elderly residents lack autonomy due to the characteristics of group life. The decline of health function or the occurrence of diseases can easily lead to reduced physical activity, decreased interpersonal interaction, social withdrawal, low self-esteem, and decreased well-being. In current that emphasizes the elderly in health promotion and disease prevention activities, art therapy can be applied for the elderly to achieve the purpose of health promotion. Art therapy could effectively improve social interaction, self-esteem, and well-being; but many researchers still suggest that it is necessary to investigate the effectiveness of art therapy for elderly residents in long-term care institutions. The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness of art therapy in improving social interaction, self-esteem, and well-being for elderly residents in long-term care institutions.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2021-10-16
• Study First Submitted QC: 2021-10-16
• Study First Posted: 2021-10-28
• Study Start: 2021-11-25
• Status Verified: 2022-01
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-01-08
• Last Update Posted: 2022-01-25
• Primary Completion: 2022-02
• Study Completion: 2022-09

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: UNKNOWN
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 82

Inclusion Criteria

• Aged 65 years or older and lived in the same long-term care institution for more than three months.
• Communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese.
• With glasses or hearing aids and other assistive devices can have good vision and hearing functions.
• Both upper limb muscle power ≥ 4 points, can autonomous movement against moderate resistance. Under supervision, can safely use scissors for artistic creation and sit continuously for 90 minutes.
• Score > 20 points on Barthel Index.
• Score > 16 points on Mini-Mental Status Examination.
• Score ≤ 9 points on Geriatric Depression Scale.
• After the researcher's explanation, the participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study.

Exclusion Criteria

• Under 65 years of age, and lived in the same long-term care institution less than three months.
• Severe hearing and vision impaired, making it impossible to communicate.
• Receiving antidepressant drugs or related treatments.
• Completely dependent on activities of daily living.
• Severe depression or severe dementia.
• The elderly are participating in artistic creation-related activities.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Art therapy group	Art therapy	Experimental group received 8-week art therapy. Art therapy uses different themes and materials to art-making.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Socially Supportive Activity Inventory	After 8-week art therapy	An index-type instrument allows evaluating the quantity and quality of elders' participation in social activity in long-term care settings (Hsu, 2011). All organized into nine subcategories, including (1) all social contacts with family members and friends, (2) chatting with acquaintances, (3) holiday-related activities, (4) cognitive games, (5) involvement by outside organizations, (6) entertainment, (7) pleasure trips, (8) arts/crafts classes, and (9) religious activities (Hsu, 2011). Each subcategory contained three components: frequency, meaningfulness, and enjoyment (Hsu, 2011). The frequency ranged from 1 to 9, and meaningful-ness and enjoyment rated on a 4-point Likert rating ranged from 1 to 4 (Hsu, 2011). Higher scores represented more frequent participation in the activity, more significant meaning to one's life, and greater enjoyment in activity participation (Hsu, 2011).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(Chinese version)	After 8-week art therapy	A 10-item scale measured the self-esteem of the respondent (Yeung, 1998). All items answered on a 4-point Likert rating, the minimum and maximum scores on the scale are 10 and 40, with lower scores suggesting better self-esteem (Yeung, 1998).
Well-Being Scale for Elders	After 8-week art therapy	A 9-item scale measured the well-being of the elderly (Lien \& Chen, 2015). All items answered on a 5-point Likert rating, the minimum and maximum scores on the scale are 9 and 45, with higher scores suggesting better well-being (Lien \& Chen, 2015).

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Long-term care facility; 🇨🇳 Taipei City, Taiwan