Prospective Non Randomized interventional study to compare the effect of spinal anaesthesia versus general anaesthesia on Blood Glucose concenteration in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries at SMS Medical College and Hospital,Jaipur

The Etiology of hyperglycemia is multifactorial , but is thought primarily to be the result of activation of the sympathoadrenal system ,with contributions from the hypothalamus and adenohypophysis. The stress response triggers an increase in levels of plasma catecholamines and glucocorticoids ,which in turn lead to hyperglycemia . cortisol also has a huge impact on the glucose metabolism in stress, because by increasing glycogenolysis and glucogenesis it can lead to hyperglycemia . the aim of the study is t determine the significance of spinal anaesthesia in supressing the metabolic , and hemodynamic response to surgical stress during and after elective abdominal urological and orthopaedics surgery compared with the technique of general anaesthesia