Orofacial Functions in Individuals With and Without Molar Incisor Hypomineralization
- Conditions
- Molar Hypomineralization, Incisor
- Registration Number
- NCT06692257
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Nove de Julho
- Brief Summary
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative developmental defect of the enamel with a complex, multifactorial nature and a significant genetic component that predominantly affects the permanent first molars and, occasionally, the permanent incisors. Individuals with MIH have a compromised stomatognathic system manifested by muscle hyperactivity under postural and dynamic conditions. However, there is a gap in knowledge on the specific functional abnormalities that these individuals experience. Early identification and intervention, with a focus on the prevention of orofacial dysfunctions and deviations in facial growth and development, are aspects of the utmost importance. Therefore, the aim of the proposed study is to perform a comparative analysis of orofacial functions with an emphasis on breathing and chewing patterns in individuals with and without MIH. Methods and Analysis: Assessments will be performed using the Nordic Orofacial Test - Screening (NOT-S). Descriptive statistics will be performed and comparisons will be made using the chi-square test, adopting a 5% significance level.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- NOT_YET_RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 56
- Children 6 to 12 years of age with a complete mixed dentition with all first molars present and in occlusion;
- Having all first molars erupted, without caries or previous treatment;
- Inclusion criteria for the MIH group: at least one permanent molar with indices compatible with MIH (code 2, 21, 22 and 3 - Ghanim criteria).
- Children with amelogenesis and dentinogenesis imperfecta;
- Children undergoing orthodontic treatment;
- Children with a genetic syndrome;
- Children with the premature loss of deciduous teeth;
- Children with acute respiratory problems;
- Children in treatment.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- OBSERVATIONAL
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Assessment of orofacial function (NOT-S) - (score from 0 to 12) Baseline The following functions are addressed during the interview: (I) sensory function, (II) breathing, (III) habits, (IV) chewing and swallowing, (V) drooling and (VI) dryness of the mouth. The following functions are evaluated during the physical examination: (1) face at rest, (2) nose breathing, (3) facial expression, (4) masticatory muscle and jaw function, (5) oral motor function and (6) speech. For the evaluation of orofacial dysfunction during the clinical examination, the participants will be asked to perform tasks for each item in accordance with the illustrated manual. Each item has criteria for the respective function. A "YES" response or task the meets the criteria for compromised function will be scored 1 point, indicating dysfunction in the respective domain. A "NO" response or task that does not meet the criteria will be scored zero. The total is the sum of the points of all domains and ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores denoting greater orofacial disfunction.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Assessment of hypersensitivity in teeth with MIH: Visual analog scale (VAS) Baseline The Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale was initially developed for children to facilitate communication about pain. This scale uses a set of faces that ranges from a smiling expression (without pain) to a crying expression (worse pain possible), enabling children to indicate the intensity of their pain in a visually understandable way. The scale is used with children three years of age and older, facilitating communication and improving the assessment so that the management of the pain can be addressed.
Schiff cold air sensitivity scale (SCASS) Baseline The SCASS will be used to assess the child's response to the stimulus and will be scored as follows: 0 = no response to the stimulus; 1 = response to the stimulus, child considers stimulus painful; 2 = response to the stimulus, child moves away from stimulus; 3 = response to the stimulus, child moves away from the stimulus and asks for its immediate interruption.