Ketamine Effect After Laparoscopic Gastric Reduction: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo Controlled Study

Phase 4

Completed

Brief Summary: Laparoscopic surgery for gastric reduction is frequently associated with high levels of postoperative pain. Postoperative pain is very often treated with opioids. However large doses of opioids can result in respiratory depression with hypoxemia especially in high risk patients with obstructive sleep apnea. since a large group of patients undergoing surgery for gastric reduction surgery also have obstructive sleep apnea, it is expected that these patients are also at high risk for postoperative respiratory depression and hypoxemia.

Intraoperative ketamine has been used as an effective multimodal agent to reduce postoperative pain. However, ketamine alone has not been examined to improve postoperative pain outcomes in patients undergoing gastric reduction surgery. More importantly, it is unknown if the use of intraoperative ketamine can lead to better overall quality of recovery in the same patient population. In addition, ketamine has been shown to improve ventilation but it remains to be determined if the intraoperative use of ketamine will result in less postoperative hypoxemic events.

The main objective of the current investigation is to examine the effect of intraoperative ketamine on postoperative quality of recovery after gastric reduction surgery. The investigators hypothesize that subjects receiving ketamine will have a greater global quality of recovery score than the ones receiving saline.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Group P (Placebo)	placebo	Group P (placebo) will receive the same amount of saline.
Group K (Ketamine)	Ketamine	Group K (ketamine) will receive 0.5mg /kg of ketamine bolus followed by an infusion of 0.5 mg/kg/hour of ketamine throughout the intraoperative period (Adjusted body weight).

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Quality of Recovery 40	24 hours	Scores on QOR (quality of recovery) 40 questionnaire. The QoR-40 score, which ranges from 40 to 200, representing very poor (low scores) to outstanding quality of recovery (high scores), respectively.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Postoperative Opioid Consumption	24 hours	Total number of opioids (morphine equivalents) consumed 24 hours after surgery
Postoperative Pain Scores	24 hours	Participants pain scores will be recorded at 24 hours after surgery. Pain scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable).
Length of Hospital Stay	Up to 2 weeks	The subjects length of hospital stay will be recorded. Length of stay is defined as day of surgery to date of discharge from the hospital which may be up to 2 weeks..