A Brief MI Intervention in the ED to Increase Child Passenger Restraint Use

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Child Restraint Systems; Seat Belts
• Interventions: Behavioral: Tailored brochure; Behavioral: Motivational Interviewing

• Registration Number: NCT02496481
• Lead Sponsor: University of Michigan

Brief Summary

This study involves an emergency department (ED)-based intervention utilizing Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques and patient-centered (e.g., tailored) print materials to promote the correct and consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints (car seats, booster seats, and seat belts). This study is designed as a randomized pilot trial.

Detailed Description

Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) remain a leading cause of death among children after the first year of life despite substantial improvements in passenger safety. Deaths and severe injuries from MVCs can be reduced significantly through the consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. Still, 10% of children ride completely unrestrained and roughly one-quarter do not use the recommended restraint for their size. New approaches are needed to motivate behavior change among parents who do not consistently use size-appropriate passenger restraints for their children from birth through age 10. Emergency department (ED) visits represent unique opportunities to reach vulnerable children and their parents who have difficulty accessing the primary care settings where childhood injury prevention information is commonly provided. Motivational interviewing (MI) in the ED has been used to encourage a variety of health behaviors among at-risk patients. However, MI has not been previously evaluated for child passenger safety promotion programs. This study will involve an ED-based intervention utilizing MI techniques and patient-centered (e.g., tailored) print materials to promote the correct and consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. This study is designed as a randomized pilot trial of the intervention utilizing a 2x2 factorial design to examine the independent and additive effects of ED-based MI and tailored print materials on the consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. Aim 1) To assess the feasibility and acceptability of the ED-based intervention among parents of children from birth through age 10; Aim 2) To determine the impact of the intervention on child passenger restraint attitudes and practices at 6-month follow-up in comparison to baseline assessments.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2015-06
• Study First Submitted: 2015-07-06
• Study First Submitted QC: 2015-07-09
• Study First Posted: 2015-07-14
• Primary Completion: 2016-04
• Study Completion: 2016-04
• Status Verified: 2016-10
• Last Update Submitted: 2016-10-24
• Last Update Posted: 2016-10-25

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 345

Inclusion Criteria

• Must be an adult (18+ years) parent or caregiver who regularly drives with their child,
• are able to speak and read English,
• who is presenting to the ED with their child age birth to 10 years.
• Child must be <4'9" in height.

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Exclusion Criteria

• Adult participants must be able to speak and read English

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: FACTORIAL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Group3 Baseline+tailored brochure	Tailored brochure	Participants randomized to Group 3 will receive no intervention in the ED and will be mailed a tailored educational brochure about child passenger safety All participants will complete the baseline assessment survey, a 2 week follow-up phone call and a 6 month follow-up encounter.
Group1 Baseline+MI+tailored brochure	Tailored brochure	Participants randomized to Group 1 will receive the motivational interviewing intervention in the ED and will be mailed a tailored educational brochure about child passenger safety. All participants will complete the baseline assessment survey, a 2 week follow-up phone call and a 6 month follow-up encounter.
Group1 Baseline+MI+tailored brochure	Motivational Interviewing	Participants randomized to Group 1 will receive the motivational interviewing intervention in the ED and will be mailed a tailored educational brochure about child passenger safety. All participants will complete the baseline assessment survey, a 2 week follow-up phone call and a 6 month follow-up encounter.
Group2 Baseline+MI+general info	Motivational Interviewing	Participants randomized to Group 2 will receive the motivational interviewing intervention in the ED and will be mailed a generic educational brochure about child passenger safety. All participants will complete the baseline assessment survey, a 2 week follow-up phone call and a 6 month follow-up encounter.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Use of size-appropriate restraint	6 month follow up	At the 6-month follow-up encounter, we will reassess the child's current passenger restraint use. We will measure the impact of the intervention on use of a size-appropriate restraint for the child.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Transition at the recommended time	6 month follow up	At the 6-month follow-up encounter, we will measure the impact of the intervention on the appropriateness of the transition to the next restraint.
Change in sub-optimal restraint use	6 month follow up	We will determine change from baseline to 6-month follow-up in parent's report of allowing sub-optimal restraint use (e.g., unrestrained, premature transition to a less protective restraint).
Acceptability of the intervention (composite measure)	6 month follow up	Participants will be asked to provide impressions of acceptability of the intervention by rating the following: * quality of educational information received in relation to the study; * amount of time spent reviewing study educational materials; * amount of information shared with family/friends; * acceptability of initiating the intervention in the ED

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Hurley Medical Center Emergency Department; 🇺🇸 Flint, Michigan, United States

University of Michigan C.S. Mott Children's Hospital Emergency Department; 🇺🇸 Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States