Brief Behavioral Sleep Intervention for Obesity Prevention in Primary Care

Not Applicable

Recruiting

• Conditions: Obesity, Childhood; Short Sleep; Obesity Prevention

• Registration Number: NCT06810557
• Lead Sponsor: Temple University

Brief Summary

The goal of this study is to compare two different approaches to help families with children 6-11 years enhance nighttime sleep: 1) working one-on-one with a nurse to learn effective behavioral strategies to try to improve children's sleep or 2) receiving education on a good night's sleep and its benefits. Participating families will meet with a nurse 6 times or receive 6 educational handouts. Participating families will also complete three assessments (start of the study, 2 months and 6 months) during which study questionnaires will be completed, participating children will wear devices that assess sleep and physical activity, participating families will report on what the child ate on two separate days and will be measured for height and weight.

Detailed Description

The present study is assessing the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a brief behavioral intervention to enhance children's sleep and prevent development of obesity. Fifty short sleeping (\< 9 hours/night) children 6-11 years old who are primarily AA/Black and from lower socioeconomic backgrounds will be enrolled into a 6-month study. Children will be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 conditions: 1) optimize sleep primary care (OSPC; behavioral intervention to enhance sleep duration delivered by a nurse in primary care) or 2) enhanced usual care (EUC; usual care plus sleep education). All children will receive standard pediatric care. Families randomized to OSPC will receive a four-session intervention (two zoom-delivered sessions and two brief phone follow-ups) over the first two months with two additional phone follow-ups during maintenance (months 2-6). Families randomized to EUC will receive sleep education that is delivered at the same points of contact as OSPC sessions. At baseline, end of treatment (2 months), and 6 months, the following will be measured from a Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) perspective: reach (e.g., enrollment), adoption (e.g., pediatric provider engagement), implementation (e.g., session attendance, treatment fidelity), maintenance (e.g., retention), and preliminary effectiveness (e.g., changes in sleep duration (actigraphy), eating behaviors (24-hour dietary recalls), physical activity (accelerometry), and anthropometrics (measured height and weight).

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2025-01-21
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-01-30
• Status Verified: 2025-02
• Study First Posted: 2025-02-05
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-03-03
• Last Update Posted: 2025-03-06
• Study Start: 2025-03-31
• Primary Completion: 2026-10-01
• Study Completion: 2026-10-01

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 50

Inclusion Criteria

• Patient at Temple Pediatrics
• Child age 6-11 years
• Child time in bed of less than 9 hours per night on most days per week
• Body Mass Index (BMI) for age and biological sex great than the 10th percentile but less than the 95th percentile
• Understanding of and ability to complete the protocol
• Parent age at least 18 years and primary caregiver
• Willingness to be randomized to either condition

Exclusion Criteria

• Diagnosed sleep disorder
• Medication use or diagnosis of medical or psychiatric condition that may impact sleep or weight status
• Current or planned treatment for weight control

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Achievement of enrollment goal	baseline	Primary variable of interest is achievement of a priori goals for study enrollment (i.e., whether 50 families enroll in the study). We will also explore: of children referred, the number who enroll; and of children who are referred and eligible, the number who enroll.
The number of providers who participate and refer to the intervention	baseline	Of all pediatric providers in the clinic, the number who attend the initial in-service training and the number of referrals each provider makes to the program. Attendance and the number of referrals will be tracked by study staff.
Average family attendance at intervention sessions	baseline to 6 months	Whether or not families attend each treatment sessions will be captured by the study nurse. Primary variable of interest is whether families, on average, achieve \> 75% attendance at all intervention sessions.
Nurse percent fidelity/accuracy in delivering the intervention	baseline to 6 months	All intervention sessions are recorded to determine the accuracy with which nurses deliver the intervention. Specifically, trained staff review recordings and use a checklist to mark whether or not each intervention component is delivered during each session. Primary variable of interest is whether the nurse delivers the intervention with at least 80% fidelity/accuracy.
Percent of families who are retained in the study at both follow-up time points	baseline to 6 months	Retention at both 2- and 6-months will be tracked by study staff and compared across study arms with a goal of at least 80% retention at two months.
Family assessment of the intervention's acceptability	baseline to 6 months	Acceptability will be measured by families' responses to the overall acceptability question on the Theoretical Framework for Acceptability (TFA) Acceptability Scale. Specifically, families use a 5-point, likert-type scale ranging from 'completely unacceptable' to 'completely acceptable' to rate the intervention. The percent of families who rate the intervention as 'acceptable' or 'completely acceptable' will be assessed with a goal of at least 80% of families rating it as such.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Preliminary Effectiveness: Sleep	baseline to 6 months	Measured with actigraphy over 7 days at each assessment and scored with the assistance of sleep diaries and call-ins to time-stamped voicemail. Primary variable of interest is change in the actigraph-estimated sleep period, which is the time between actigraph-estimated bedtime and wake time.
Preliminary Effectiveness: Sedentary Activity	baseline to 6 months	Measured by parent and child report during 24-hour dietary recalls (one weekday and one weekend day). Mean hours of TV viewing is of primary interest.
Preliminary Effectiveness: Weight Status	baseline to 6 months	Child height and weight will be measured by staff to calculate body mass index (BMI). Change in BMI (controlling for child age and biological sex) is of primary interest.
Preliminary Effectiveness: Diet - Caloric Intake	baseline to 6 months	Measured with 24-hour dietary recalls on two days (one weekday and one weekend day). Mean reported caloric intake will be computed.
Preliminary Effectiveness: Diet - Percent Calories from Fat	baseline to 6 months	Measured with 24-hour dietary recalls on two days (one weekday and one weekend day). Mean reported percent calories from fat will be computed.
Preliminary Effectiveness: Physical Activity	baseline to 6 months	Measured with hip-worn accelerometry. Time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (controlling for wear time) is of primary interest.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Temple Pediatrics; 🇺🇸 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States