Physiological and Molecular Effects of High-intensity Interval Training (HIIT) vs. Moderate-intensity Continuous Training (MICT)
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Lifestyle
- Sponsor
- Stanford University
- Enrollment
- 135
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Clinical markers
- Status
- Active, not recruiting
- Last Updated
- 5 months ago
Overview
Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on human health outcomes in healthy sedentary subjects, over 12 weeks of exercise training.
The investigators will compare several health parameters, such as changes in multiomics profile, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and body composition, before and after 12-week interventions of either HIIT or MICT.
Investigators
Francois Haddad
Clinical Professor
Stanford University
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Be 18-65 years of age
- •Not be pregnant or lactating in the last 12 months, or planning to become pregnant for the next 4 months. A pregnancy test will be performed on the day of DXA scan in women of child-bearing potential. Not be post-partum during the last 12 months.
- •Be generally healthy (a list of medical conditions and/or medication that will exclude participants is listed in the section below)
- •Body mass index (BMI) \> 18 to \< 40 kg/m2
- •Sedentary in the past year, defined as regular (structured) endurance exercise (e.g., brisk walking, jogging, running, cycling, elliptical, or swimming activity that results in feelings of increased heart rate, rapid breathing, and/or sweating) or resistance training (resulting in muscular fatigue), no more than 1 hour per week.
- •Persons bicycling as a mode of transportation to and from work \>1 day/week etc. will not be considered sedentary.
- •Leisure walkers are included unless they meet the heart rate, breathing, and sweating criteria noted above.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Exclusion criteria are confirmed by either self-report (i.e., medical and medication histories reviewed by a clinician), screening tests performed by the study team, and/or clinician judgment as specified for each criterion.
- •A person may not participate in this study if any of the following applies to them:
- •Diabetes (self-report and screening tests), which includes: i) treatment with any hypoglycemic agents (self-report, even for non-diabetic reasons) or ii) fasting glucose \>125 or A1c \>6.4 (screening test).
- •Abnormal bleeding or coagulopathy (self-report): history of a bleeding disorder or clotting abnormality.
- •Thyroid disease (screening test):
- •Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) value outside of the normal range for the laboratory. Individuals with hypothyroidism may be referred to their primary care provider (PCP) for evaluation and retested; any medication change must be stable for more than 3 months prior to retesting.
- •Individuals with hyperthyroidism are excluded, including those with normal TSH on pharmacologic treatment.
- •Clinical diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and/or pulmonary hypertension.
- •Metabolic bone disease (self-report): i) history of non-traumatic fracture from a standing height or less and/or ii) current pharmacologic treatment for low bone mass or osteoporosis, other than calcium, vitamin D, or estrogen.
- •Estrogens, progestins (self-report): supplemental, replacement or therapeutic use of estrogens or progestins within the last 6 months, other than birth control or to control menopausal symptoms.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Clinical markers
Time Frame: Baseline; 12 weeks
Changes in measured lipids in mg/dL including total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing
Time Frame: Baseline; 12 weeks
Change in VO2 max after training, measured during cardiopulmonary exercise testing
Lipidome after 12-week intervention
Time Frame: Baseline; 12 weeks
Change in lipids measured in biospecimens after 12 weeks of training
Epigenome after 12-week intervention
Time Frame: Baseline; 12 weeks
Change in epigenome measured in biospecimens after 12 weeks of training
Transcriptome after 12-week intervention
Time Frame: Baseline; 12 weeks
Change in mRNA-based expression measured in biospecimens after 12 weeks of training
Metabolome after 12-week intervention
Time Frame: Baseline; 12 weeks
Change in metabolites measured in biospecimens after 12 weeks of training
Proteome after 12-week intervention
Time Frame: Baseline; 12 weeks
Change in protein measured in biospecimens after 12 weeks of training
Secondary Outcomes
- Blood glucose(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Lipidome after acute exercise(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Lean muscle mass(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Fat mass(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Transcriptome after acute exercise(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Proteome after acute exercise(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Leg strength(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Exercise Motivation(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- LV diastolic volume(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Left ventricle (LV) mass(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Metabolome after acute exercise(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Resting heart rate(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Metagenome profile(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Ejection fraction(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Depression(Baseline; Week 4, 8, 12)
- Perceived Stress(Baseline; Week 4, 8, 12)
- Hand grip strength(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Exercise Self-Efficacy(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Epigenome after acute exercise(Baseline; 12 weeks)
- Generalized Anxiety(Baseline; Week 4, 8, 12)